{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T22:50:03Z","timestamp":1784242203010,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"NHGRI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HG011393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HG011393"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Sex differences appear in healthy and pathological conditions and may influence sex-specific therapeutic responses. Understanding such differences is a key activity for developing precision medicine strategies. This study investigates sex differences in gene expression across 40 human tissues by applying a Differential Causal Network (DCN) analysis using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. We identified sex-based DCNs that highlight distinct molecular mechanisms influencing both health and disease in men and women. For example, in pancreas tissue, genes associated with immune system show significant differences in their regulatory patterns between sexes, demonstrating a possible different response to diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cancer. Our findings provide valuable information on the biological underpinnings of sex differences, offering potential pathways for the development of precision medicine strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaf407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T21:14:46Z","timestamp":1755033286000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Differential causal networks highlight sex-based differences in human tissues"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0421-7650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Defilippo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Catanzaro , Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine , Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital & Harvard Medical School,181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7325-9908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico M","family":"Giorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Via Irnerio, 48, 40126 Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Kahveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida , 432 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2494-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierangelo","family":"Veltri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, Modelling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria , Via P. 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