{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:44:17Z","timestamp":1792266257684,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH130879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH130879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Motivation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Groups of complex diseases, such as coronary heart disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cancers, often display overlapping clinical symptoms and pharmacological responses. Genetic variants with shared associations across diseases have the potential to help explain their underlying biological processes, but this sharing remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We model the matrix of summary statistics of trait-associated genetic variants as the sum of a low-rank component\u2014representing shared biological processes\u2014and a sparse component representing disease-unique processes and arbitrarily corrupted or contaminated components. We introduce Clorinn, an open-source Python library that uses convex optimization algorithms to recover these components by minimizing a weighted combination of nuclear norm and L1 terms. Clorinn provides two significant benefits: (i) convex optimization guarantees reproducibility of the components and (ii) the low-rank \u201cuncorrupted\u201d matrix allows robust singular value decomposition and principal component analysis, which are otherwise highly sensitive to outliers and noise in the input matrix. In extensive simulations, we observe that Clorinn is uniquely able to recover the disease-group structure while remaining competitive on factor-level reconstruction error. We apply Clorinn to estimate 200 latent factors from GWAS summary statistics for 2110 phenotypes from the Pan-UK Biobank (N\u2009=\u2009420\u2009531 European-ancestry individuals) and 10 latent factors from 14 psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Availability and implementation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clorinn is available at https:\/\/github.com\/daklab\/clorinn.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btag670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:48:01Z","timestamp":1789127281000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Convex approaches to isolate the shared and distinct genetic components of complex traits"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4437-8833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saikat","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Genome Center , New York, NY 10013,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"O\u2019Connell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M C","family":"Colbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niamh","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY 10029,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Genome Center , New York, NY 10013,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.101","article-title":"Principal component analysis","volume":"2","author":"Abdi","year":"2010","journal-title":"WIREs Comput Stats"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Adams","year":"2024","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.04.29.24306535"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.11","article-title":"Heritability of type 2 diabetes in the Washington State Twin Registry","volume":"22","author":"Avery","year":"2019","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2022.04.003","article-title":"Shared components of heritability across genetically correlated traits","volume":"109","author":"Ballard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abo2059","article-title":"Cross-trait assortative mating is widespread and inflates genetic correlation estimates","volume":"378","author":"Border","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2013.11.009","article-title":"Robust PCA via principal component pursuit: a review for a comparative evaluation in video surveillance","volume":"122","author":"Bouwmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Understand"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3211","article-title":"LD score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies","volume":"47","author":"Bulik-Sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1467","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae1128","article-title":"Open targets platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery","volume":"53","author":"Buniello","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1137\/080738970","article-title":"A singular value thresholding algorithm for matrix completion","volume":"20","author":"Cai","year":"2010","journal-title":"SIAM J Optim"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1970392.1970395","article-title":"Robust principal component analysis?","volume":"58","author":"Cand\u00e8s","year":"2011","journal-title":"J ACM"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011288","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011288","article-title":"The specious art of single-cell genomics","volume":"19","author":"Chari","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2020.03.011","article-title":"Pleiotropy-based decomposition of genetic risk scores: association and interaction analysis for type 2 diabetes and CAD","volume":"106","author":"Chasman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005388","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005388","article-title":"graph-GPA: a graphical model for prioritizing GWAS results and investigating pleiotropic architecture","volume":"13","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvac025","article-title":"The effect of CETP inhibitors on new-onset diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Dangas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3970","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01709-1","article-title":"Genome-wide association study in individuals of European and African ancestry and multi-trait analysis of opioid use disorder identifies 19 independent genome-wide significant risk loci","volume":"27","author":"Deak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-0573","article-title":"The role of TCF7L2 in type 2 diabetes","volume":"70","author":"Del Bosque-Plata","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01285-8","article-title":"Genome-wide analyses of ADHD identify 27 risk loci, refine the genetic architecture and implicate several cognitive domains","volume":"55","author":"Demontis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B18","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Large-Scale and Distributed Optimization, Lecture Notes in Mathematics","author":"Ding","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-015-9363-y","article-title":"ERBB4 polymorphism and family history of psychiatric disorders on age-related cortical changes in healthy children","volume":"9","author":"Douet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02288367","article-title":"The approximation of one matrix by another of lower rank","volume":"1","author":"Eckart","year":"1936","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B21","author":"Fazel","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3404","article-title":"Partitioning heritability by functional annotation using genome-wide association summary statistics","volume":"47","author":"Finucane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0590-2","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of panic disorder reveals genetic overlap with neuroticism and depression","volume":"26","author":"Forstner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1002\/nav.3800030109","article-title":"An algorithm for quadratic programming","volume":"3","author":"Frank","year":"1956","journal-title":"Nav Res Logist"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10310-0","article-title":"Bivariate causal mixture model quantifies polygenic overlap between complex traits beyond genetic correlation","volume":"10","author":"Frei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz931","article-title":"ShinyGO: a graphical gene-set enrichment tool for animals and plants","volume":"36","author":"Ge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1988.10488412","article-title":"Principal component analysis","volume":"30","author":"Goodall","year":"1988","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02291478","article-title":"Generalized procrustes analysis","volume":"40","author":"Gower","year":"1975","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-019-0566-x","article-title":"Genomic structural equation modelling provides insights into the multivariate genetic architecture of complex traits","volume":"3","author":"Grotzinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09820-3","article-title":"Mapping the genetic landscape across 14 psychiatric disorders","volume":"649","author":"Grotzinger","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0344-8","article-title":"Identification of common genetic risk variants for autism spectrum disorder","volume":"51","author":"Grove","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B32","first-page":"3367","author":"Hastie"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1037\/h0071325","article-title":"Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components","volume":"24","author":"Hotelling","year":"1933","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B34","author":"Howrigan","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B35","first-page":"427","author":"Jaggi","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B36","first-page":"471","author":"Jaggi","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B37","first-page":"739","author":"Ke","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B38","first-page":"53","author":"Lacoste-Julien","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Lazarev","year":"2025","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.05.03.592285"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01563-z","article-title":"Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of cannabis use disorder yields insight into disease biology and public health implications","volume":"55","author":"Levey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B41","author":"Lin","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0126825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126825","article-title":"Altered volume, morphology and composition of the pancreas in type 2 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Macauley","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B43","first-page":"592","volume-title":"Not Am Math Soc","author":"Mezzadri"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11111326","article-title":"Exploring the role of contactins across psychological, psychiatric and cardiometabolic traits within UK Biobank","volume":"11","author":"Morris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A3291","DOI":"10.1137\/15M101628X","article-title":"Scalable robust matrix recovery: Frank\u2013Wolfe meets proximal methods","volume":"38","author":"Mu","year":"2016","journal-title":"SIAM J Sci Comput"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-024-01707-9","article-title":"Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"56","author":"Nievergelt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08468-9","article-title":"Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder","volume":"639","author":"O\u2019Connell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2025.07.003","article-title":"Sparse matrix factorization robust to sample sharing across GWASs reveals interpretable genetic components","volume":"112","author":"Omdahl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W185","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa420","article-title":"SNPnexus: a web server for functional annotation of human genome sequence variation (2020 update)","volume":"48","author":"Oscanoa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1086\/519795","article-title":"PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses","volume":"81","author":"Purcell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-023-01488-7","article-title":"KIRREL3-related disorders: a case report confirming the radiological features and expanding the clinical spectrum to a less severe phenotype","volume":"49","author":"Querzani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Shadrin","year":"2024","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.02.23.24303236"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3461","article-title":"Pleiotropy in complex traits: challenges and strategies","volume":"14","author":"Solovieff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02489-6","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms including 33,943 individuals from the general population","volume":"29","author":"Strom","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11953-9","article-title":"Components of genetic associations across 2,138 phenotypes in the UK Biobank highlight adipocyte biology","volume":"10","author":"Tanigawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393","article-title":"A global reference for human genetic variation","volume":"526","author":"The 1000 Genomes Project Consortium","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B57","first-page":"615","article-title":"An accelerated proximal gradient algorithm for nuclear norm regularized linear least squares problems","volume":"6","author":"Toh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pac J Optim"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-024-01851-6","article-title":"Multi-ancestry meta-analysis of tobacco use disorder identifies 461 potential risk genes and reveals associations with multiple health outcomes","volume":"8","author":"Toikumo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04434-5","article-title":"Mapping genomic loci implicates genes and synaptic biology in schizophrenia","volume":"604","author":"Trubetskoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B60","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"van der Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-017-9842-6","article-title":"GW-SEM: a statistical package to conduct genome-wide structural equation modeling","volume":"47","author":"Verhulst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B62","first-page":"2837","article-title":"Information theoretic measures for clusterings comparison: variants, properties, normalization and correction for chance","volume":"11","author":"Vinh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01261-5","article-title":"Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations with FUMA","volume":"8","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0439-2","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies eight risk loci and implicates metabo-psychiatric origins for anorexia nervosa","volume":"51","author":"Watson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B65","author":"Willwerscheid","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B66","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Wright","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B67","first-page":"2496","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems \u2013 Volume 2, NIPS\u201910","author":"Xu","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04951-w","article-title":"Genome-wide association analyses identify 143 risk variants and putative regulatory mechanisms for type 2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Xue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-15-51","article-title":"Statistical hypothesis testing of factor loading in principal component analysis and its application to metabolite set enrichment analysis","volume":"15","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70013","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.70013","article-title":"Nuclear norm regularization","volume":"17","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"WIREs Comput Stats"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2018.18070857","article-title":"Interrogating the genetic determinants of Tourette\u2019s syndrome and other tic disorders through genome-wide association studies","volume":"176","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2023.09.015","article-title":"A scalable approach to characterize pleiotropy across thousands of human diseases and complex traits using GWAS summary statistics","volume":"110","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"2026101714575582700_btag670-B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02653-5","article-title":"Multi-ancestry study of the genetics of problematic alcohol use in over 1 million individuals","volume":"29","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"}],"container-title":["Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btag670\/71212287\/btag670.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/42\/10\/btag670\/71212287\/btag670.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article-pdf\/42\/10\/btag670\/71212287\/btag670.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T18:58:04Z","timestamp":1792263484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioinformatics\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btag670\/8815694"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Kendziorski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btag670","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-4803","type":"print"},{"value":"1367-4811","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"article-number":"btag670"}}