{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:11:17Z","timestamp":1774559477593,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]],"date-time":"2020-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The interaction of sperm with the oocyte is pivotal during the process of mammalian fertilization. The limited numbers of sperm that reach the fallopian tube as well as anatomic restrictions indicate that human sperm\u2013oocyte encounter is not a matter of chance but a directed process. Chemotaxis is the proposed mechanism for re-orientating sperm toward the source of a chemoattractant and hence to the oocyte. Chemokines represent a superfamily of small (8\u201311\u00a0kDa), cytokine-like proteins that have been shown to mediate chemotaxis and tissue-specific homing of leukocytes through binding to specific chemokine receptors such as CCRs. Here we show that CCR6 is abundantly expressed on human sperms and in human testes. Furthermore, radioligand-binding experiments showed that CCL20 bound human sperm in a specific manner. Conversely, granulosa cells of the oocyte-surrounding cumulus complex as well as human oocytes represent an abundant source of the CCR6-specific ligand CCL20. In human ovaries, CCL20 shows a cycle-dependent expression pattern with peak expression in the preovulatory phase and CCL20 protein induces chemotactic responses of human sperm. Neutralization of CCL20 in ovarian follicular fluid significantly impairs sperm migratory responses. Conversely, analyses in infertile men with inflammatory conditions of the reproductive organs demonstrate a significant increase of CCL20\/CCR6 expression in testis and ejaculate. Taken together, findings of the present study suggest that CCR6-CCL20 interaction may represent an important factor in directing sperm\u2013oocyte interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T05:43:25Z","timestamp":1591940605000},"page":"630-642","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["CCL20-CCR6 axis directs sperm\u2013oocyte interaction and its dysregulation correlates\/associates with male infertility\u2021"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Yong-Gang","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"U P","family":"Wehry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B A","family":"Buhren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Schrumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Ol\u00e1h","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical Faculty, University of P\u00e9cs, P\u00e9cs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"B\u00fcnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C-F","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S-J","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Depatment of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100006 Beijing, PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Hirchenhain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Lierop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Novak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Ming","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J S","family":"Kr\u00fcssel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H-C","family":"Schuppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Haidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P A","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J-P","family":"Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Homey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020082123370206000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1991.tb01268.x","article-title":"Sperm transport in the human female reproductive tract--a dynamic interaction","volume":"14","author":"Barratt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J 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