{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:48:46Z","timestamp":1792086526931,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD098621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD098621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21ES027123-02S1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21ES027123-02S1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21ES027123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21ES027123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"US Geological Survey Contaminant Biology Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol (EE2), can have far reaching health effects, including transgenerational abnormalities in offspring that never directly contacted either chemical. We previously reported reduced fertilization rates and embryo survival at F2 and F3 generations caused by 7-day embryonic exposure (F0) to 100\u00a0\u03bcg\/L BPA or 0.05\u00a0\u03bcg\/L EE2 in medaka. Crossbreeding of fish in F2 generation indicated subfertility in males. To further understand the mechanisms underlying BPA or EE2-induced adult onset and transgenerational reproductive defects in males, the present study examined the expression of genes regulating the brain\u2013pituitary\u2013testis (BPT) axis in the same F0 and F2 generation male medaka. Embryonic exposure to BPA or EE2 led to hyperactivation of brain and pituitary genes, which are actively involved in reproduction in adulthood of the F0 generation male fish, and some of these F0 effects continued to the F2 generation (transgenerational effects). Particularly, the F2 generation inherited the hyperactivated state of expression for kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2) and their receptors (kiss1r and kiss2r), and gnrh and gnrh receptors. At F2 generation, expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) decreased in brain of the BPA treatment lineage, while EE2 treatment lineage showed increased dnmt3bb expression. Global hypomethylation pattern was observed in the testis of both F0 and F2 generation fish. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BPA or EE2-induced transgenerational reproductive impairment in the F2 generation was associated with alterations of reproductive gene expression in brain and testis and global DNA methylation in testis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T12:56:30Z","timestamp":1600347390000},"page":"1324-1335","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Bisphenol A and 17\u03b1-ethinylestradiol-induced transgenerational gene expression differences in the brain\u2013pituitary\u2013testis axis of medaka, <i>Oryzias latipes<\/i>\u2020"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Albert J","family":"Thayil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuegeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooja","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick S","family":"vom Saal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E","family":"Tillitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, Columbia, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramji K","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020122518293780900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-012110-142200","article-title":"Endocrine disruptors: from endocrine to metabolic disruption","volume":"73","author":"Casals-Casas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"2020122518293780900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2011.08.007","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals and disease susceptibility","volume":"127","author":"Schug","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol 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