{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:11:17Z","timestamp":1774559477640,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC1001100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1001100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC1201805"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1201805"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81501248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81501248"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004761","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2015JJ2166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015JJ2166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004761","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2017JJ3425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017JJ3425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health, Central South University","award":["164990007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["164990007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Zona pellucida (ZP), which is composed of at most four extracellular glycoproteins (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4) in mammals, shelters the oocytes and is vital in female fertility. Several studies have identified the indispensable roles of ZP1\u20133 in maintaining normal female fertility. However, the understanding of ZP4 is still very poor because only one study on ZP4-associated infertility performed in rabbits has been reported up to date. Here we investigated the function of mammalian Zp4 by creating a knockout (KO) rat strain (Zp4\u2212\/\u2212 rat) using CRISPR\u2013Cas9-mediated DNA-editing method. The influence of Zp4 KO on ZP morphology and some pivotal processes of reproduction, including oogenesis, ovulation, fertilization, and pup production, were studied using periodic acid\u2013Schiff\u2019s staining, superovulation, in vitro fertilization, and natural mating. The ZP morphology in Zp4\u2212\/\u2212 rats was normal, and none of these pivotal processes was affected. This study renewed the knowledge of mammalian Zp4 by suggesting that Zp4 was completely dispensable for female fertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T04:39:55Z","timestamp":1615523995000},"page":"1282-1291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<i>Zp4<\/i> is completely dispensable for fertility in female rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Ming-Hua","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua-Lin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ru-Ping","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun-Ting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changsha Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian-Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hang-Jin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan-Pan","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Wen","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"},{"name":"Center of System Biology and Data Information, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong-Mei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Center of Reproductive Health\uff0cSchool of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-011-1319-y","article-title":"Mammalian zona pellucida glycoproteins: Structure and function during fertilization","volume":"349","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24285","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R800027200","article-title":"Zona pellucida glycoproteins","volume":"283","author":"Wassarman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2018.01.001","article-title":"The human egg\u2019s zona pellucida","volume":"130","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Top Dev 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A case report","volume":"34","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1269","article-title":"A novel homozygous nonsense ZP1 variant causes human female infertility associated with empty follicle syndrome (EFS)","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Genet Genomic Med"},{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-018-0064-y","article-title":"ZP2 pathogenic variants cause in vitro fertilization failure and female infertility","volume":"21","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"2021060706380125300_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-017-1822-7","article-title":"Dosage effects of ZP2 and ZP3 heterozygous mutations cause human infertility","volume":"136","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum 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