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However, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of prostate inflammation remain largely unknown. Given that the innate immune responses of the tissue-specific cells to microbial infection or autoantigens contribute to local inflammation, this study focused on pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-initiated innate immune responses in mouse prostatic epithelial cells (PECs). Primary mouse PECs abundantly expressed Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR4, TLR5, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and IFN-inducible protein 16 (p204 in mouse). These PRRs can be activated by their respective ligands: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin of Gram-negative bacteria for TLR4 and TLR5, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) for TLR3 and MDA5, and herpes simplex virus DNA analog (HSV60) for p204. LPS and flagellin predominantly induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA), interleukin 6 (IL6), chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10). Poly(I:C) and HSV60 predominantly induced the expression of type 1 interferons (IFNA and IFNB) and antiviral proteins: Mx GTPase 1, 2\u2032,5\u2032-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, and IFN-stimulated gene 15. The replication of mumps virus in PECs was inhibited by type 1 IFN signaling. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying innate immune response in the prostate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:04:33Z","timestamp":1619399073000},"page":"113-127","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pattern recognition receptor-initiated innate immune responses in mouse prostatic epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 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