{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:58:24Z","timestamp":1791615504758,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":165,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["# DP200100709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["# DP200100709"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vertebrate female reproductive tract has undergone considerable diversification over evolution, having become physiologically adapted to different reproductive strategies. This review considers the female reproductive tract from the perspective of evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). Very little is known about how the evolution of this organ system has been driven at the molecular level. In most vertebrates, the female reproductive tract develops from paired embryonic tubes, the M\u00fcllerian ducts. We propose that formation of the M\u00fcllerian duct is a conserved process that has involved co-option of genes and molecular pathways involved in tubulogenesis in the adjacent mesonephric kidney and Wolffian duct. Downstream of this conservation, genetic regulatory divergence has occurred, generating diversity in duct structure. Plasticity of the Hox gene code and wnt signaling, in particular, may underlie morphological variation of the uterus in mammals, and evolution of the vagina. This developmental plasticity in Hox and Wnt activity may also apply to other vertebrates, generating the morphological diversity of female reproductive tracts evident today.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T08:02:15Z","timestamp":1631088135000},"page":"9-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["An evo-devo perspective of the female reproductive tract"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Andrew T","family":"Major","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin A","family":"Estermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahida Y","family":"Roly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig A","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011317331849700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1225","article-title":"Developmental genetics of the female reproductive tract in mammals","volume":"4","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"2022011317331849700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2006.09.046","article-title":"The origin of the Mullerian duct in chick and mouse","volume":"302","author":"Guioli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"2022011317331849700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1159\/000364935","article-title":"Molecular genetics of M\u00fcllerian duct formation, regression and 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