{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:41:52Z","timestamp":1780983712094,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2704002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2704002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adenomyosis is a benign disease, but it exhibits a metastatic property similar to tumors. Its pathogenesis is still unclear. One theory is that adenomyosis is the result of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in displaced embryonic Muller cells. Macrophages accumulate in the eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis and play an important role in EMT and the pathogenesis of adenomyosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered an important mechanism of intercellular communication, but few studies have shown the role of EVs between endometrial epithelial cells and macrophages. In this study, we collected the eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis, and acquired the primary endometrial cells, then isolated EVs from the culture supernatants. We identified the characteristics of EVs by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking, and western blot, and then detected the mRNA expression levels of CD163, IL-10, iNOS, and TNF-\u03b1 in macrophages by qRT-PCR after co-cultured with EVs; the expression levels of E-cadherin, CK7, N-cadherin, and Vimentin by Western blot, and the migration abilities of epithelial cells by Transwell assay. The results showed that macrophages were highly expressed in the mRNA levels of CD163, IL10, and TNF-\u03b1 after treated by EVs from adenomyosis patients; endometrial epithelial cells expressed lower protein levels of E-cadherin and CK7, higher levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin after co-cultured with the above polarized macrophages; and the migration abilities of epithelial cells were enhanced. In conclusion, EVs derived from adenomyosis can induce macrophages to polarize toward M2b, and the polarized macrophages could, in turn, induce EMT process in endometrial epithelial cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T18:19:57Z","timestamp":1675275597000},"page":"584-596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Extracellular vesicles contribute to EMT in adenomyosis by inducing macrophage polarization"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University Department of Gynecology\u00a0and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, , Qingdao, Shandong,\u00a0 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, , Jinan, Shandong , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University Department of Gynecology\u00a0and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, , Qingdao, Shandong,\u00a0 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, , Jinan, Shandong , China"},{"name":"Cheeloo College of Medicine\uff0cShandong University Medical Integration and Practice Center, , Jinan, Shandong , China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital Gynecology Laboratory, , Jinan, Shandong , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041705321630000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg010","article-title":"Uterine adenomyosis in the infertility clinic","volume":"9","author":"Roland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2023041705321630000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01186.x","article-title":"Adenomyosis and risk of preterm delivery","volume":"114","author":"Juang","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2023041705321630000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1285895","article-title":"Adenomyosis and adverse perinatal outcomes: increased risk of second trimester miscarriage, preeclampsia, and placental malposition","volume":"31","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal 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