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However, the functional role of SOX8 in sex differentiation has not yet been identified in any non-mammalian vertebrates. Here, we found in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis that SOX8 exhibited male-specific higher expression from stage 14 to 18, the critical period of sex determination, prior to the onset of gonadal differentiation. In addition, SOX8 was rapidly down-regulated during male-to-female sex reversal induced by estradiol. Moreover, knockdown of SOX8 led to complete feminization of ZZ P. sinensis, determined by gonadal morphology and distribution of germ cells, as well as the down-regulation of testicular marker DMRT1 and the up-regulation of ovarian regulator FOXL2. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that SOX8 is a key regulator of early male differentiation in P. sinensis, highlighting the significance of the SOX family in reptile sex determination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T23:14:44Z","timestamp":1679440484000},"page":"988-996","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>SOX8<\/i> is essential for male sexual differentiation in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle <i>Pelodiscus sinensis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Bangsai","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Ocean University College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, , Shanghai, 201306 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoying","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chutian","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University Institute of Animal Sex and Development, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"},{"name":"Zhejiang Wanli University College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, , Ningbo, 315100 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023061500531218900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/351117a0","article-title":"Male development of chromosomally female mice transgenic for SRY","volume":"351","author":"Koopman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023061500531218900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06944","article-title":"Sex determination involves synergistic action of SRY and SF1 on a specific Sox9 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