{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:13:25Z","timestamp":1792793605263,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]],"date-time":"2023-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009553","name":"Czech Health Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NU20-01-00264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU20-01-00264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of Charles University","award":["GAUK 349521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GAUK 349521"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/024d6js02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute for Neurological Research","award":["LX22NPO5107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5107"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2014Next Generation EU","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Maternal immune activation during pregnancy is a risk factor for offspring neuropsychiatric disorders. Among the mechanistic pathways by which maternal inflammation can affect fetal brain development and programming, those involving tryptophan (TRP) metabolism have drawn attention because various TRP metabolites have neuroactive properties. This study evaluates the effect of bacterial (lipopolysaccharides\/LPS) and viral (polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid\/poly I:C) placental infection on TRP metabolism using an ex vivo model. Human placenta explants were exposed to LPS or poly I:C, and the release of TRP metabolites was analyzed together with the expression of related genes and proteins and the functional activity of key enzymes in TRP metabolism. The rate-limiting enzyme in the serotonin pathway, tryptophan hydroxylase, showed reduced expression and functional activity in explants exposed to LPS or poly I:C. Conversely, the rate-limiting enzyme in the kynurenine pathway, indoleamine dioxygenase, exhibited increased activity, gene, and protein expression, suggesting that placental infection mainly promotes TRP metabolism via the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. Furthermore, we observed that treatment with LPS or poly I:C increased activity in the kynurenine monooxygenase branch of the KYN pathway. We conclude that placental infection impairs TRP homeostasis, resulting in decreased production of serotonin and an imbalance in the ratio between quinolinic acid and kynurenic acid. This disrupted homeostasis may eventually expose the fetus to suboptimal\/toxic levels of neuroactive molecules and impair fetal brain development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioad181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T18:56:00Z","timestamp":1703184960000},"page":"722-738","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pathological shifts in tryptophan metabolism in human term placenta exposed to LPS or poly I:C"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Cilia","family":"Abad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rona","family":"Karahoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Orbisova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Kastner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Heblik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radim","family":"Kucera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Portillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frantisek","family":"Staud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Charles University , Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041508395751200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2011.02.011","article-title":"Intrauterine inflammation, insufficient to induce parturition, still evokes fetal and neonatal brain injury","volume":"29","author":"Elovitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dev 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