{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:39:54Z","timestamp":1790221194867,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"USDA NIFA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-38420-34067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-38420-34067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The objective was to identify a set of genes whose transcript abundance is predictive of a cow\u2019s ability to become pregnant following artificial insemination. Endometrial epithelial cells from the uterine body were collected for RNA sequencing using the cytobrush method from 193 first-service Holstein cows at estrus prior to artificial insemination (day 0). A group of 253 first-service cows not used for cytobrush collection were controls. There was no effect of cytobrush collection on pregnancy outcomes at day 30 or 70 or on pregnancy loss between days 30 and 70. There were 2 upregulated and 214 downregulated genes (false discovery rate\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05, absolute fold change &amp;gt;2-fold) for cows pregnant at day 30 versus those that were not pregnant. Functional terms overrepresented in the downregulated genes included those related to immune and inflammatory responses. Machine learning for fertility biomarkers with the R package BORUTA resulted in identification of 57 biomarkers that predicted pregnancy outcome at day 30 with an average accuracy of 77%. Thus, machine learning can identify predictive biomarkers of pregnancy in endometrium with high accuracy. Moreover, sampling of endometrial epithelium using the cytobrush can help understand functional characteristics of the endometrium at artificial insemination without compromising cow fertility. Functional characteristics of the genes comprising the set of biomarkers is indicative that a major determinant of cow fertility, at least for first insemination after calving, is immune status of the uterus, which, in turn, is likely to reflect the previous history of uterine disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T06:15:30Z","timestamp":1712643330000},"page":"54-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Machine learning to identify endometrial biomarkers predictive of pregnancy success following artificial insemination in dairy cows"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Quinn A","family":"Hoorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Florida , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria B","family":"Rabaglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Science , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Utrecht University , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, , Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago F","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Florida , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Genus plc PLC\/ABS , Mogi Mirim, S\u00e3o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiane S","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Florida , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Florida , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"URUS Group LP , Madison, WI ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"University of Florida , Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and the Genetics Institute, , Gainesville, FL 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