{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T03:38:34Z","timestamp":1785037114150,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Ocelots Donor Group"},{"name":"USDA National Needs Fellowship","award":["2021-38420-34040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-38420-34040"]}]},{"name":"USDA-NIFA-AFRI","award":["2023-67011-40511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-67011-40511"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Efforts to implement effective assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) for the conservation of the northern white rhinoceros (NWR; Ceratotherium simum cottoni) to prevent its forthcoming extinction, could be supported by research conducted on the closely related southern white rhinoceros (SWR; Ceratotherium simum simum). Within the follicle, extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a fundamental role in the bidirectional communication facilitating the crucial transport of regulatory molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) that control follicular growth and oocyte development. This study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of EV-miRNAs in stage-dependent follicular fluid (FF) during SWR ovarian antral follicle development. Three distinct follicular stages were identified based on diameter: Growing (G; 11\u201317\u00a0mm), Dominant (D; 18\u201329\u00a0mm), and Pre-ovulatory (P; 30\u201334\u00a0mm). Isolated EVs from the aspirated FF of segmented follicle stages were used to identify EV-miRNAs previously known via subsequent annotation to all equine (Equus caballus; eca), bovine (Bos taurus; bta), and human (Homo sapiens; hsa) miRNAs. A total of 417 miRNAs were detected, with 231 being mutually expressed across all three stages, including eca-miR-148a and bta-miR-451 as the top highly expressed miRNAs. Distinct expression dynamics in miRNA abundance were observed across the three follicular stages, including 31 differentially expressed miRNAs that target various pathways related to follicular growth and development, with 13 miRNAs commonly appearing amidst two different comparisons. In conclusion, this pioneering study provides a comprehensive understanding of the stage-specific expression dynamics of FF EV-miRNAs in the SWR. These findings provide insights that may lead to novel approaches in enhancing ARTs to catalyze rhinoceros conservation efforts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T20:29:43Z","timestamp":1716236983000},"page":"376-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mapping the follicle-specific regulation of extracellular vesicle-mediated microRNA transport in the southern white rhinoceros (<i>Ceratotherium simum simum<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Gad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL) , Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, , Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA"},{"name":"Colorado State University , Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, , Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Animal Production , Faculty of Agriculture, , Giza 12613 , Egypt"},{"name":"Cairo University , Faculty of Agriculture, , Giza 12613 , Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico G","family":"Menjivar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL) , Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, , Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA"},{"name":"Colorado State University , Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, , Fort Collins, CO 80523 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Felton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Sciences, Conservation Science Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance , Escondido, CA 92027 , 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