{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T09:37:53Z","timestamp":1777196273303,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian Research Council Research Hub for Antimicrobial Resistance","award":["IH190100021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IH190100021"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1145825"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1145825"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000163","name":"Division of Arctic Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000163","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Researcher Exchange and Development with Industry"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009844","name":"PA Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>With ~78 million cases yearly, the sexually transmitted bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an urgent threat to global public health due to continued emergence of antimicrobial resistance. In the male reproductive tract, untreated infections may cause permanent damage, poor sperm quality, and subsequently subfertility. Currently, few animal models exist for N. gonorrhoeae infection, which has strict human tropism, and available models have limited translatability to human disease. The absence of appropriate models inhibits the development of vital new diagnostics and treatments. However, the discovery of Neisseria musculi, a mouse oral cavity bacterium, offers much promise. This bacterium has already been used to develop an oral Neisseria infection model, but the feasibility of establishing urogenital gonococcal models is unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>We inoculated mice via the intrapenile route with N. musculi. We assessed bacterial burden throughout the male reproductive tract, the systemic and tissue-specific immune response 2-weeks postinfection, and the effect of infection on sperm health.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Neisseria musculi was found in penis (2\/5) and vas deferens (3\/5) tissues. Infection altered immune cell counts: CD19+ (spleen, lymph node, penis), F4\/80+ (spleen, lymph node, epididymus), and Gr1+ (penis) compared with noninfected mice. This culminated in sperm from infected mice having poor viability, motility, and morphology. We hypothesize that in the absence of testis infection, infection and inflammation in other reproductive is sufficient to damage sperm quality. Many results herein are consistent with outcomes of gonorrhoea infection, indicating the potential of this model as a tool for enhancing the understanding of Neisseria infections of the human male reproductive tract.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T20:01:07Z","timestamp":1720382467000},"page":"613-624","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A novel murine model mimicking male genital <i>Neisseria species<\/i> infection using <i>Neisseria musculi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Emily R","family":"Bryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"McRae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishnu","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology , 35385 Giessen,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Logan K","family":"Trim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toby I","family":"Maidment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob A D","family":"Tickner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma L","family":"Sweeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth D","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science at Translational Research Institute, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, , Brisbane, Queensland 4102,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science at Translational Research Institute, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, , Brisbane, Queensland 4102,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Whiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The University of Queensland , Faculty of Medicine, , Brisbane, Queensland 4029,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth W","family":"Beagley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology , School of Biomedical Science, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, , Brisbane, Queensland 4006,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0128-6","article-title":"Gonorrhoea","volume-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers","author":"Unemo","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-018-0376-3","article-title":"Neisseria Gonorrhoae and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among symptomatic patients from Gondar town, north West Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Yeshanew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000175390.45315.a1","article-title":"Chlamydial and gonococcal infection in men without polymorphonuclear leukocytes on gram stain: implications for diagnostic approach and management","volume":"32","author":"Geisler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1071\/MA20055","article-title":"Gonorrhoea: past, present and future","volume":"41","author":"Semchenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiology Australia"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1071\/SH19060","article-title":"Advancing vaccine development for gonorrhoea and the global STI vaccine roadmap","volume":"16","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex 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Influence of physical and chemical factors","volume":"52","author":"James","year":"1976","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.9.5.897-902.1974","article-title":"Differential attachment by Piliated and Nonpiliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae to human sperm","volume":"9","author":"James-Holmquest","year":"1974","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054515","article-title":"Global epidemiology of &lt;em&gt;Neisseria gonorrhoeae&lt;\/em&gt; in infertile populations: systematic review, meta-analysis and metaregression","volume":"97","author":"Chemaitelly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"2025070720014158000_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.03.032","article-title":"Sperm head morphology is related to high 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