{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:36:29Z","timestamp":1788550589167,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We hypothesized that in dairy cattle maternal energy restriction applied during two gestational windows (up to day 80 or 120 of gestation) impairs ovarian and cardiovascular development in juvenile female offspring. We also investigated the role of maternal leptin and testosterone in developmental programming in calves. Holstein-Friesian heifers were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups; starting 10\u00a0days before artificial insemination, they were individually fed at (i) 0.6 of their maintenance energy requirements (M) up to day 80 (Nutrient Restricted, NR80) or (ii) day 120 of gestation (NR120); (iii) 1.8\u00a0M until day 120 of pregnancy (Control). Plasma leptin concentrations increased transiently in nutritionally restricted heifers pregnant with a single female calf, but maternal testosterone concentrations were not influenced by diet. Calves had similar body growth, but daughters of NR80 and NR120 had impaired ovarian development, as assessed by reduced gonadal weight, fewer surface antral and primary follicles, and recovered cumulus-oocyte complexes, as well as lower circulating anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone concentrations. Cardiovascular morphology and function in the offspring were not influenced by maternal diet, as determined by peripheral arterial blood pressure, echocardiography, post-mortem heart weight, and aortic circumference. Regardless of its duration (until day 80 or 120 of gestation), nutritional restriction resulted in a similar alteration of ovarian development in juvenile progeny, but cardiovascular development was unaltered. Evidence suggests that the window of development that encompasses the peri-ovulatory period to the first 2.6\u00a0months of gestation is critical in ovarian programming and that maternal leptin may be involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T07:16:51Z","timestamp":1730704611000},"page":"332-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Maternal undernutrition in the first eighty days of gestation negatively programs ovarian development in dairy calves"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Adele","family":"Frau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari , Sassari ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Edache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari , Sassari ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Sale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary practitioner , Dorgali (NU) ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Miragliotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Lazzarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa 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