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PCOS patients treated with 1000\u00a0mg resveratrol (RES) daily for 3\u00a0months showed significant improvement in menstrual cycle regularity compared to the placebo group. This investigation explores potential impact of RES on a rat model of PCOS. Sprague\u2013Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to a 30-day letrozole\/high-fat diet interventions for PCOS model establishment, followed by RES intervention (20\u00a0mg\/kg\/d) for an additional 30\u00a0days. RES intervention mitigated obesity, estrous cycle irregularities, and ovulation disorders while decreasing serum testosterone and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in PCOS rats. Concurrently, inflammatory markers (TNF-\u03b1, NLPR3, IL-6,) and pyroptosis-related markers (GSDMD, cleaved-Caspase-1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-18) were downregulated. Additionally, KGN cells (a human granulosa-like cell line) were treated with LPS and RES for in vitro assays. It was observed that RES (15\u00a0\u03bcM) significantly reduced ROS production and downregulated inflammatory cytokine expression in LPS-intervened KGN cells. Additionally, RES downregulated the expression levels of pyroptosis-related factors (GSDMD and cleaved-Caspase-1) and attenuated IL-18 and IL-1\u03b2 secretion in LPS-induced KGN cells. Furthermore, RES intervention improved the pyroptosis-associated morphology of KGN cells after LPS treatment. In conclusion, RES may restore follicular development in PCOS rats by inhibiting inflammation and NLRP3\/GSDMD\/Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis of ovarian granulosa cells, providing new insights into potential therapeutic approaches for PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T07:25:04Z","timestamp":1731569104000},"page":"1227-1240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Resveratrol improves follicular development in PCOS rats by inhibiting the inflammatory response and pyroptosis of granulosa cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Huimei","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University , Guilin ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhouxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University , Guilin ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University , Guilin ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medicine, Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities , Baise 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Application Institute , Department of Histology and Embryology, , Hengyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of South China , Department of Histology and Embryology, , Hengyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuge","family":"Xiuhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University , Guilin ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University , Guilin 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