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Early reproductive aging is associated with the early onset of infertility and an increased risk of several diseases. During aging, systemic and reproductive oxidative stress and inflammation levels increase through inflammasome activation, leading to ovarian follicle loss. Other markers of reproductive aging include increased fibrosis and shortening of telomeres in ovarian cells. The factors that accelerate reproductive aging are unclear, but likely involve exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as phthalates. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used phthalate and humans are\u00a0exposed to it daily. Several studies show that DEHP induces reproductive toxicity by affecting estrous cyclicity, follicle numbers, and hormone levels. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying DEHP-induced early onset of reproductive aging. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that dietary exposure to DEHP induces early reproductive aging by affecting inflammation, fibrosis, and the expression of telomere regulators and antioxidant enzymes. Adult CD-1 female mice were exposed to vehicle (corn oil) or DEHP (0.5, 1.5, or 1500\u00a0ppm) via the chow for 6\u00a0months. Exposure to DEHP increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes and Caspase 3, increased expression of telomere-associated genes, and increased fibrosis levels in the ovary. In addition, DEHP exposure for 6\u00a0months altered ovarian and systemic inflammatory status. Collectively, our novel data suggest that 6-month dietary exposure to DEHP may accelerate reproductive aging by affecting several reproductive aging markers in female mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioae164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T15:21:11Z","timestamp":1731079271000},"page":"191-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Dietary exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate for 6\u00a0months alters markers of female reproductive aging in mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Rams\u00e9s","family":"Santacruz-M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adira M","family":"Safar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary J","family":"Laws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Endia J","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daryl D","family":"Meling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romana A","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori T","family":"Raetzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodi A","family":"Flaws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Carl R. 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