{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:35:17Z","timestamp":1791585317598,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>During human pregnancy, a certain proportion of endothelial cells in uterine spiral arteries are replaced by placental extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). This process is a pivotal step in spiral artery remodeling (SAR), ensuring the adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. Given the ethical constraints and the lack of suitable in vivo animal models, developing ideal in vitro models is crucial for investigating this cellular event. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate key trophoblastic properties to optimize the in vitro model and replicate the in vivo context of SAR. In this study, we refined a three-dimensional co-culture system involving human trophoblast cells and tubular structure formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells, allowing for dynamical monitoring of cell behaviors. Using this model, we conducted a comparative analysis of vascular remodeling capabilities among primary EVTs and various trophoblast cell lines. Meanwhile, we examined the expression profiles of multiple SAR-associated genes in trophoblast cells. The correlation between molecular characteristics and vascular remodeling performance was statistically analyzed using a comprehensive scoring system. Our findings highlight the critical roles of EVT-derived NCAM1, ITGB3, ITGAV, and JAG1 in vascular remodeling. Furthermore, JEG-3 and human trophoblast stem cell-derived EVT cells demonstrate significant advantages as optimal models for mimicking primary EVTs in vitro, thereby facilitating investigations into SAR. Consequently, we propose an evaluation framework to assess key attributes of trophoblast cell lines that enable them to accurately represent EVT behaviors in SAR. This study establishes a robust foundation for future exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying human SAR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T07:51:42Z","timestamp":1747122702000},"page":"870-885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of optimal trophoblastic models to mimic uterine vessel remodeling in human pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Yanqi Lake East Road, Beijing, 101408 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Yanqi Lake East Road, Beijing, 101408 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenglong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital , No. 11, South Zhidimen Street, Beijing, 100033 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital , No. 49, Garden North Road, Beijing, 100191 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Yanqi Lake East Road, Beijing, 101408 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine , No. 3, Dazhun Road, Section A, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoye","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital , No. 49, Garden North Road, Beijing, 100191 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeling","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Shaoxing University , Shaoxing, No. 900, South City Avenue, Zhejiang, 312000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-7803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan-Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine , No. 3, Dazhun Road, Section A, Beijing, 100101 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Yanqi Lake East Road, Beijing, 101408 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101516132822800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3613","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.163428","article-title":"Development of the human placenta","volume":"146","author":"Turco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2025101516132822800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1071\/RD14208","article-title":"Human extravillous trophoblast invasion: intrinsic and extrinsic regulation","volume":"28","author":"Menkhorst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil 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