{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T19:03:07Z","timestamp":1768590187288,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture Mult-State HATCH","award":["NEB-26-244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NEB-26-244"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007917","name":"ARS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3040-31320-001-000D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3040-31320-001-000D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011929","name":"Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["552176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["552176"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011929","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Kisspeptin knockout (KISS1\u2212\/\u2212) pigs exhibit hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Hormone analogs targeting different levels of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary-gonad axis were used to characterize the secretion of reproductive hormones (LH, luteinizing hormone; and follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) and ovarian responses (estradiol and progesterone) in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts. Uteri and ovaries were collected from KISS1+\/+ and KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts to confirm ovulatory outcomes. Pulses of LH and FSH were observed in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts that differed (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) in amplitude and nadir from pulses in wild-type KISS1+\/+ and KISS1+\/\u2212 gilts. A neurokinin B (NKB) agonist stimulated LH but not FSH in wild-type gilts, whereas NKB affected neither LH nor FSH in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts. The kisspeptin receptor agonist, C6, stimulated LH secretion in wild-type gilts but not in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Secretion of LH in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts depends on the dose and frequency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Priming with estradiol-17\u03b2 and GnRH before pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin treatment resulted in luteal structures on the ovary of KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts, though ovulation rate was less (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) than KISS1+\/+ gilts. This is the first report showing NKB regulation of LH secretion in swine. It is confirmed that a single copy of the KISS1 allele in gilts confers normal gonadotropin secretion following stimulation with NKB, kisspeptin, and GnRH analogs. The sustained activation of the kisspeptin receptor by C6 generated long-lasting LH secretion in gilts to induce ovulation. Ovulation in KISS1\u2212\/\u2212 gilts is possible, but treatments need optimization to maximize ovulation rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T12:52:26Z","timestamp":1754139146000},"page":"185-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gonadotropin secretion and ovarian response of\n                    <i>KISS1<\/i>\n                    knockout gilts treated with hormone analogs activating the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary-gonadal axis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Daniel F","family":"Ahern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, NE 68583-0908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle E","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Bio-systems Research Unit , Clay Center, NE 68933-0165 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiruni R","family":"Wijesena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Bio-systems Research Unit , Clay Center, NE 68933-0165 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, NE 68583-0908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorothy H","family":"Elsken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, NE 68583-0908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio M","family":"Fl\u00f3rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acceligen , Eagan, MN 55121 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) , 14884-900 Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s\/n, Jaboticabal ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyra","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acceligen , Eagan, MN 55121 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Beltramo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Rescherche en Sciences et Technologies pour I\u2019Environment et I\u2019Agriculture (INRAE), Centre National de al Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, PRC , 37380 Nouzilly ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6446-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tad S","family":"Sonstegard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acceligen , Eagan, MN 55121 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Cushman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Bio-systems Research Unit , Clay Center, NE 68933-0165 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett R","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, NE 68583-0908 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clay A","family":"Lents","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Bio-systems Research Unit , Clay Center, NE 68933-0165 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011601323397600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2673","article-title":"Phenotypic and genetic correlations between gilt estrus, puberty, growth, composition, and structural conformation traits with first-litter reproductive measures","volume":"89","author":"Knauer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"2026011601323397600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0040","article-title":"Associations between age of gilts at first mating and lifetime performance or culling risk in 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