{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:48:54Z","timestamp":1790876934442,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive","award":["2017-67015-26451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-67015-26451"]}]},{"name":"Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive","award":["2020-67015-33402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-67015-33402"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"USDA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Release of interferon-gamma (IFNG), a pro-inflammatory type II interferon, by the early conceptus is critical for pregnancy establishment in the pig. Yet, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning conceptus-derived IFNG actions in maternal peripheral immune cells and at the embryo\u2013maternal interface remain unclear. Here we show that pregnancy status up-regulates expression of IRF1, an IFNG target-gene, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells on day 15 of pregnancy in the pig. In a second study, loss-of-function IFNG (IFNG\u2212\/\u2212) embryos were generated by using CRISPR\/Cas9 gene editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Single-nuclei RNA sequencing of endometrium from gilts carrying wild-type (Control) or IFNG\u2212\/\u2212 conceptuses on day 15 of pregnancy revealed cell-type-specific signatures at the embryo\u2013maternal interface in response to conceptus IFNG. Changes in the transcriptome of epithelial and IFNG receptor-expressing immune cells were evident between Control and IFNG\u2212\/\u2212 samples, along with a downregulation of IFNG target-genes involved in chemotaxis and immune cell differentiation in IFNG\u2212\/\u2212 recipient endometria. A notable reduction in monocytes and macrophages was observed in IFNG\u2212\/\u2212 samples, confirmed by immunohistochemistry for AIF1. Differential gene expression (DEG) analysis revealed 391 DEGs in monocytes, implicating IFNG in macrophage polarization, with evidence suggesting a shift toward an M2 phenotype. The study concludes that conceptus IFNG plays an important role in monocyte recruitment and macrophage polarization at the embryo\u2013maternal interface for regulation of inflammation upon conceptus attachment. Insufficient numbers or skewed IFNG-activated macrophages within the endometrium may contribute to pregnancy failure in the IFNG\u2212\/\u2212 pig model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T11:59:33Z","timestamp":1759406373000},"page":"1444-1462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Programming of the endometrial immune milieu by interferon gamma during early pregnancy in pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1293-9010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Sponchiado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darling Melany de C","family":"Madrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly M","family":"Davenport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline G","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riley M","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin D","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Driver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wesley C","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall S","family":"Prather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney D","family":"Geisert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121605121124600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0760851","article-title":"Maternal and embryonic factors associated with prenatal loss in mammals","volume":"76","author":"Wilmut","year":"1986","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2025121605121124600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2013.11.005","article-title":"Pig blastocyst\u2013uterine 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