{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:33:57Z","timestamp":1781278437497,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated the modulation of cellular stress in the male reproductive system of Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) across distinct phases of hibernation under extreme environmental conditions. Morphological and volumetric changes in the testes and epididymides were assessed through paraffin-embedded sections and hematoxylin\u2013eosin (H&amp;E) staining, while oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) markers were quantified using western blotting, colorimetric assays, and immunofluorescence histochemistry. Relative protein expression within key signaling pathways was also evaluated. Compared to the summer active stage, (1) reproductive hormone concentrations and testicular and epididymal visceral mass increased during hibernation and post-hibernation, indicating sustained reproductive activity. (2) Malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels remained stable in the testes and epididymides during hibernation, suggesting effective suppression of oxidative stress during this stage. (3) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) increased in the testes during pre-hibernation, potentially supporting germ cell differentiation. (4) Protein expression of unfolded protein response (UPR) markers, including CHOP, p-PKR, GRP78, p-IRE1, and p-PERK, was elevated during hibernation in both the testes and epididymides, implicating UPR activation in the preservation of reproductive tissue integrity and subsequent recovery. Despite stage-specific variations, the testes and epididymides of Daurian ground squirrels maintained a well-regulated cellular stress response throughout hibernation, preventing structural degeneration of the reproductive system. Furthermore, hibernation markedly reduced the abundance of common internal reference proteins such as \u03b2-actin and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), underscoring the need to use total protein normalization for accurate quantification in hibernation-related western blot analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T12:01:54Z","timestamp":1761393714000},"page":"310-324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Detection of factors related to ROS and ERS in the reproductive organs of hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (\n                    <i>Spermophilus dauricus<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Ming-Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, Qinghai ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-Yao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Fan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Fei","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Can","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-Jie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University , Qufu, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00008.2003","article-title":"Mammalian hibernation: cellular and molecular responses to depressed metabolism and low temperature","volume":"83","author":"Carey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12137","article-title":"Daily torpor and hibernation in birds and mammals","volume":"90","author":"Ruf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0152135","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152135","article-title":"Antioxidant Defenses in the brains of bats during hibernation","volume":"11","author":"Yin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-009-0426-5","article-title":"Diuretic treatment affects the length of torpor bouts in hibernating European ground squirrels (Spermophilus citellus)","volume":"180","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol B"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1086\/719931","article-title":"Arousal from torpor increases oxidative damage in the hibernating thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus)","volume":"95","author":"Duffy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol Biochem Zool"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.01.062","article-title":"Hibernation","volume":"23","author":"Geiser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120111","article-title":"Nrf2\/Keap1\/ARE signaling: towards specific regulation","volume":"291","author":"Ulasov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0456(02)00080-7","article-title":"Animal response to drastic changes in oxygen availability and physiological oxidative stress","volume":"133","author":"Hermes-Lima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-012-8344-z","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury in brain: pivotal role of the mitochondrial membrane potential in reactive oxygen species generation","volume":"47","author":"Sanderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.02.016","article-title":"Physiological oxidative stress after arousal from hibernation in Arctic ground squirrel","volume":"153","author":"Orr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref11","first-page":"6126570","article-title":"An overview of seasonal changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant defence parameters in some invertebrate and vertebrate species","volume":"2016","author":"Chainy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientifica (Cairo)"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.296","article-title":"Augmented oxidative stress and reduced mitochondrial function in ageing goat testis","volume":"6","author":"Majrashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327117703690","article-title":"Decline in sperm count in European men during the past 50 years","volume":"37","author":"Sengupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Exp Toxicol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01662-0","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced hormonal disruption in male reproduction","volume":"31","author":"Rotimi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-022-03664-3","article-title":"Exploring Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in testicular dysfunction","volume":"390","author":"Rotimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.5114\/pjp.2014.45779","article-title":"Significance of selected antioxidant enzymes in cancer cell progression","volume":"65","author":"Bu\u0142dak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pol J Pathol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1159\/000485089","article-title":"Antioxidants maintain cellular redox homeostasis by elimination of reactive oxygen species","volume":"44","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.190","article-title":"Involvement of Nrf2 in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury","volume":"125","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6334","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00630-07","article-title":"Keap1 controls postinduction repression of the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response by escorting nuclear export of Nrf2","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530600971974","article-title":"Mechanistic studies of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01449","article-title":"Remarkable protective effects of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzymes and tissue specificity in different skeletal muscles of Daurian ground squirrels over the torpor-arousal cycle","volume":"10","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12050981","article-title":"Unfolding the interactions between endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress","volume":"12","author":"Ong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E723","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080723","article-title":"Counteracting cisplatin-induced testicular damages by natural polyphenol constituent Honokiol","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaz063","article-title":"Stress response pathways in the male germ cells and gametes","volume":"26","author":"Santiago","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3390\/genes4030306","article-title":"Signaling pathways from the endoplasmic reticulum and their roles in disease","volume":"4","author":"Kadowaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4946289","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4946289","article-title":"Targeting the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response to counteract the oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction","volume":"2018","author":"Amodio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.02.025","article-title":"Impact of high cholesterol and endoplasmic reticulum stress on metabolic diseases: an updated mini-review","volume":"12","author":"Sozen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00631-8","article-title":"Adipocyte IRE1\u03b1 promotes PGC1\u03b1 mRNA decay and restrains adaptive thermogenesis","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3066","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1250704","article-title":"CHOP induces death by promoting protein synthesis and oxidation in the stressed endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"18","author":"Marciniak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb0311-184","article-title":"Integrating the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"13","author":"Tabas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5785","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20225785","article-title":"The effect of Schisandra chinensis Baillon on cross-talk between oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial Signaling pathway in testes of varicocele-induced SD rat","volume":"20","author":"Karna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.11.027","article-title":"Honokiol attenuates torsion\/detorsion-induced testicular injury in rat testis by way of suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis","volume":"79","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12816","article-title":"Steroidogenesis decline accompanied with reduced antioxidation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice testes during ageing","volume":"50","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-006-9221-8","article-title":"Up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone GRP78 during hibernation in thirteen-lined ground squirrels","volume":"292","author":"Mamady","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115826","article-title":"A temporal study on musculoskeletal morphology and metabolism in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus)","volume":"144","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1113\/EP085299","article-title":"Principles and standards for reporting animal experiments in the journal of physiology and experimental physiology","volume":"100","author":"Grundy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2024.111705","article-title":"High levels of mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, and apoptosis contribute to stable testicular status in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels","volume":"297","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref38","first-page":"491","article-title":"Review of CO\u2082 as a euthanasia agent for laboratory rats and mice","volume":"56","author":"Boivin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(02)01619-3","article-title":"Increased oxidative stress and decreased activities of Ca(2+)\/Mg(2+)-ATPase and Na(+)\/K(+)-ATPase in the red blood cells of the hibernating black bear","volume":"71","author":"Chauhan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-023-00820-y","article-title":"An ERAD-related ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme boosts broad-spectrum disease resistance and yield in rice","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Food"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2018.03.082","article-title":"Physiological and transcriptomic analysis revealed the involvement of crucial factors in heat stress response of Rhododendron hainanense","volume":"660","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref42","article-title":"Effects of quercetin on proliferation and H\u2082O\u2082-induced apoptosis of intestinal porcine enterocyte cells","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2023.08.041","article-title":"Engineering of cyanine-based nanoplatform with tunable response toward reactive species for ratiometric NIR-II fluorescent imaging in mice","volume":"68","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Bull (Beijing)"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1080\/02772248.2019.1578963","article-title":"Toxic effect of microcystin-LR on blood vessel development","volume":"100","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol Environ Chem"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.12.005","article-title":"Amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by swertiamarin in fructose-fed mice","volume":"59","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.130499","article-title":"Morphophysiological, proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal cadmium tolerance mechanism in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"445","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2018.11.138","article-title":"Experimental supporting data on TKS5 and Cortactin expression and localization in human pancreatic cancer cells and tumors","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00408","article-title":"Photoperiod affects Harderian gland morphology and secretion in female Cricetulus barabensis: autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondria","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22629","article-title":"Statistical analysis of molecule colocalization in bioimaging","volume":"87","author":"Lagache","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4191","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.4191","article-title":"Co-immunofluorescence of MRPL12 and Nrf2 in HK2 cells","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bio Protoc"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13318","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28008","article-title":"Novel findings on ultrastructural protection of skeletal muscle fibers during hibernation of Daurian ground squirrels: mitochondria, nuclei, cytoskeleton, glycogen","volume":"234","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2014.05.022","article-title":"Changes in calpains and calpastatin in the soleus muscle of Daurian ground squirrels during hibernation","volume":"176","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2013.05.027","article-title":"Stain-free total protein staining is a superior loading control to \u03b2-actin for western blots","volume":"440","author":"Gilda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2012.10.010","article-title":"Stain-free technology as a normalization tool in western blot analysis","volume":"433","author":"G\u00fcrtler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2018.10.014","article-title":"The squirrel with the lagging eIF2: global suppression of protein synthesis during torpor","volume":"227","author":"Logan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2017.07.010","article-title":"Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in the hibernating ground squirrel, (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus)","volume":"69","author":"Wijenayake","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref57","first-page":"jeb231639","article-title":"Different fuel regulation in two types of myofiber results in different antioxidant strategies in Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) during hibernation","volume":"224","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.03.008","article-title":"Seasonal variations in the epididymis of the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)","volume":"111","author":"Sch\u00f6n","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref59","first-page":"3688","article-title":"Morphological and Spermatogenic epithelial cells of testis of Mongolian horse at different ages","volume":"50","author":"Yuanyi","year":"2023","journal-title":"China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-008-0282-8","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism in hibernation and daily torpor: a review","volume":"178","author":"Staples","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol B"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.180068","article-title":"Controllable oxidative stress and tissue specificity in major tissues during the torpor-arousal cycle in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels","volume":"8","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00023.2017","article-title":"The KEAP1-NRF2 system: a thiol-based sensor-effector apparatus for maintaining redox homeostasis","volume":"98","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00389-16","article-title":"Absolute amounts and status of the Nrf2-Keap1-Cul3 complex within cells","volume":"36","author":"Iso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2443.2007.01118.x","article-title":"Subcellular localization and cytoplasmic complex status of endogenous Keap1","volume":"12","author":"Watai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2012-1256","article-title":"Contribution of Leydig and Sertoli cells to testosterone production in mouse fetal testes","volume":"27","author":"Shima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118028","article-title":"High fat diet impairs spermatogenesis by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in Sertoli cells","volume":"257","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.05.006","article-title":"Coping with the stress: expression of ATF4, ATF6, and downstream targets in organs of hibernating ground squirrels","volume":"477","author":"Mamady","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850114","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.850114","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in varicocele","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2004.10.010","article-title":"The ER chaperone and signaling regulator GRP78\/BiP as a monitor of endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-004-0885-7","article-title":"Differential expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 during spermatogenesis","volume":"316","author":"Huo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0141858","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141858","article-title":"Glucose regulated protein 78 phosphorylation in sperm undergoes dynamic changes during maturation","volume":"10","author":"Lobo","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref72"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19728","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28572","article-title":"Prosurvival roles mediated by the PERK signaling pathway effectively prevent excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced skeletal muscle loss during high-stress conditions of hibernation","volume":"234","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04689-7","article-title":"Tongguanteng injection exerts anti-osteosarcoma effects through the ER stress-associated IRE1\/CHOP pathway","volume":"24","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2020.104818","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and activity in free-living arctic ground squirrels: interrelationships between weather, body condition, and reproduction","volume":"125","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.002428","article-title":"Effects of the chemotherapeutic agents for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), on the male rat reproductive system and progeny outcome","volume":"28","author":"Vaisheva","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"2026011601365580800_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2021.1954724","article-title":"Folic acid deficiency damages male reproduction via endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated PERK pathway induced by Caveolin-1 in mice","volume":"67","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst Biol Reprod Med"}],"container-title":["Biology of Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf239\/64956268\/ioaf239.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article-pdf\/114\/1\/310\/64956268\/ioaf239.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article-pdf\/114\/1\/310\/64956268\/ioaf239.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T06:37:05Z","timestamp":1768545425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article\/114\/1\/310\/8303891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf239","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3363","1529-7268"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3363","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-7268","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]}}}