{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T10:18:39Z","timestamp":1790849919341,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and its receptor (FSHR) constitute one of the core signaling axes that regulate the reproductive process of mammals. Studies have shown that the glycosylation pattern of FSH and the polymorphism of receptor genes can affect the ligand-receptor binding efficiency and downstream signal intensity, and are related to the susceptibility and phenotype of diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome and primary ovarian insufficiency. FSH\/FSHR not only regulates normal reproductive function by activating multiple pathways such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate\/protein kinase A, PI3K\/Akt, \u03b2-arrestin, and MEK\/ERK, but also promotes the progression of malignant tumors such as ovarian cancer and prostate cancer through mechanisms like activation of cancer stem cells, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis. Therefore, targeting the FSH\/FSHR axis has become a highly promising therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the latest research advances of FSH\/FSHR axis in reproductive system diseases and tumors, especially the therapeutic value of FSH\/FSHR signaling axis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T12:28:02Z","timestamp":1766406482000},"page":"1168-1185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The FSH\/FSHR axis in reproductive biology and oncogenesis: mechanisms and emerging targeted therapies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3422-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhikun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , No.17, Yongwai zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , No.17, Yongwai zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enliang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , No.17, Yongwai zheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15649","article-title":"From cell surface to signalling and back: the life of the mammalian FSH receptor","volume":"288","author":"Banerjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12491","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1206643109","article-title":"Structure of follicle-stimulating hormone in complex with the entire ectodomain of its receptor","volume":"109","author":"Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1014","article-title":"Functional expression of FSH receptor in Endometriotic lesions","volume":"101","author":"Ponikwicka-Tyszko","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2025.108821","article-title":"Biased signaling by human follicle-stimulating hormone variants","volume":"268","author":"Ulloa-Aguirre","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R91","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-13-0624","article-title":"Mechanisms in endocrinology: genetics of FSH action: a 2014-and-beyond view","volume":"170","author":"Simoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0b013e31818957eb","article-title":"Mutations and polymorphisms of the FSH receptor (FSHR) gene: clinical implications in female fecundity and molecular biology of FSHR protein and gene","volume":"63","author":"Lussiana","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1429.019","article-title":"Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in ovarian failure: overview of selected candidate genes","volume":"1135","author":"Simpson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.94161","article-title":"FSH induces EMT in ovarian cancer via ALKBH5-regulated Snail m6A demethylation","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00720-4","article-title":"Enhanced antitumor effects of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor-mediated hexokinase-2 depletion on ovarian cancer mediated by a shift in glucose metabolism","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.15.3.0603","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of human follicle-stimulating hormone","volume":"15","author":"Fox","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R131","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-17-0308","article-title":"Molecular regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis, secretion and action","volume":"60","author":"Das","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.202170","article-title":"Oocyte quality is enhanced by hypoglycosylated FSH through increased cell-to-cell interaction during mouse follicle development","volume":"150","author":"Converse","year":"2023","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636038","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.636038","article-title":"New human Follitropin preparations: how glycan structural differences May affect biochemical and biological function and clinical effect","volume":"12","author":"Dias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00216","article-title":"In vivo and In vitro impact of carbohydrate variation on human follicle-stimulating hormone function","volume":"9","author":"Bousfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2019-00001","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone Glycobiology","volume":"160","author":"Bousfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2153-0637.1000125","article-title":"Macro- and micro-heterogeneity in pituitary and urinary follicle-stimulating hormone glycosylation","volume":"4","author":"Bousfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Glycomics Lipidomics"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765727","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.765727","article-title":"Differential FSH glycosylation modulates FSHR oligomerization and subsequent cAMP Signaling","volume":"12","author":"Agwuegbo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3723","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2018-00653","article-title":"The gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator","volume":"159","author":"Herbison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.12.005","article-title":"Rerouting of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion and gonadal function","volume":"119","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-8002-9","article-title":"The specificity of binding of glycoprotein hormones to their receptors","volume":"65","author":"Caltabiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Reviews3013","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2001-2-12-reviews3013","article-title":"Family-B G-protein-coupled receptors","volume":"2","author":"Harmar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1993.1041","article-title":"The chromosomal localization of the human follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene (FSHR) on 2p21-p16 is similar to that of the luteinizing hormone receptor gene","volume":"15","author":"Rousseau-Merck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/8.5.413","article-title":"Isoforms and single nucleotide polymorphisms of the FSH receptor gene: implications for human reproduction","volume":"8","author":"Simoni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2007.04.006","article-title":"Polymorphism of the FSH receptor and ovarian response to FSH","volume":"68","author":"Wunsch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3109\/19396368.2012.745035","article-title":"Association of rs6166 polymorphism with FSH receptor transcript variants and steroid production in human granulosa cell cultures","volume":"59","author":"Zalewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Syst Biol Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797365","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.797365","article-title":"Effect of genetic variants of gonadotropins and their receptors on ovarian stimulation outcomes: a Delphi consensus","volume":"12","author":"Conforti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2012.00028.x","article-title":"Study in 1790 Baltic men: FSHR Asn680Ser polymorphism affects total testes volume","volume":"1","author":"Grigorova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M808199200","article-title":"Critical involvement of the hinge region of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in the activation of the receptor","volume":"284","author":"Agrawal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1820501","article-title":"Identification of the structural and functional determinants of the extracellular domain of the human follicle stimulating hormone receptor","volume":"182","author":"Kene","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3819","article-title":"Ala307Thr variation modulates FSHR structure and impairs its binding affinity for FSH: implications in polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Amin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep113","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of GnRH and gonadotrophic hormone receptors affect the phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Valkenburg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1232-3","article-title":"Evaluation of four genes associated with primary ovarian insufficiency in a cohort of Mexican women","volume":"35","author":"Ju\u00e1rez-Rend\u00f3n","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2017.00122","article-title":"The common follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) promoter polymorphism FSHR -29G\u2009&gt;\u2009a affects androgen production in Normal human small antral follicles","volume":"8","author":"Borgbo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-24-0380","article-title":"The multifaceted landscape of the StAR protein in steroid biosynthesis: from development to degeneration","volume":"265","author":"Manna","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04296-0","article-title":"The mechanism of activation of MEK1 by B-Raf and KSR1","volume":"79","author":"Maloney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2017-00163","article-title":"How protein kinase a activates canonical tyrosine kinase Signaling pathways to promote granulosa cell differentiation","volume":"158","author":"Law","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202302100","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.202302100","article-title":"ERK1\/2-SOX9\/FOXL2 axis regulates ovarian steroidogenesis and favors the follicular-luteal transition","volume":"6","author":"Baddela","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Sci Alliance"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179079","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1179079","article-title":"Allosteric modulation of gonadotropin receptors","volume":"14","author":"Lazzaretti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2016.12.028","article-title":"PI(3,4,5)P(3) engagement restricts Akt activity to cellular membranes","volume":"65","author":"Ebner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E3940","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1716109115","article-title":"Conformational sampling of membranes by Akt controls its activation and inactivation","volume":"115","author":"Lu\u010di\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-020-03602-9","article-title":"AKT\/GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway participates in erythropoietin-promoted glioma proliferation","volume":"149","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12846","article-title":"AKT controls protein synthesis and oxidative metabolism via combined mTORC1 and FOXO1 signalling to govern muscle physiology","volume":"13","author":"Jaiswal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-018-0067-x","article-title":"GPCR signaling: conformational activation of arrestins","volume":"28","author":"Kahsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.013367","article-title":"The diverse roles of Arrestin scaffolds in G protein-coupled receptor Signaling","volume":"69","author":"Peterson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.23777","article-title":"Phosphorylation of \u03b2-arrestin2 at Thr(383) by MEK underlies \u03b2-arrestin-dependent activation of Erk1\/2 by GPCRs","volume":"6","author":"Cassier","year":"2017","journal-title":"elife"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201700763R","article-title":"G protein-dependent signaling triggers a \u03b2-arrestin-scaffolded p70S6K\/ rpS6 module that controls 5'TOP mRNA translation","volume":"32","author":"Tr\u00e9fier","year":"2018","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10348","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910348","article-title":"ER\u03b2 regulation of gonadotropin responses during Folliculogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117023","article-title":"Network pharmacology and experimental validation on yangjing zhongyu decoction against diminished ovarian reserve","volume":"318","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"032","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1108008","article-title":"Mouse oocyte control of granulosa cell development and function: paracrine regulation of cumulus cell metabolism","volume":"27","author":"Su","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.21265","article-title":"Integral role of GDF-9 and BMP-15 in ovarian function","volume":"78","author":"Otsuka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10110","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221810110","article-title":"Actions and roles of FSH in Germinative cells","volume":"22","author":"Recchia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00305","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of action of FSH","volume":"10","author":"Casarini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3279","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0086","article-title":"Spermatogenesis and sertoli cell activity in mice lacking sertoli cell receptors for follicle-stimulating hormone and androgen","volume":"149","author":"Abel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.5.7456","article-title":"The effect of a null mutation in the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene on mouse reproduction","volume":"141","author":"Abel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13459","article-title":"Identification of follicle-stimulating hormone-responsive genes in Sertoli cells during early postnatal mouse testis development","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61345-2","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"370","author":"Norman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh098","article-title":"Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","volume":"19","author":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa051","article-title":"Endometrial function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review","volume":"27","author":"Palomba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.04.046","article-title":"Multi-system reproductive metabolic disorder: significance for the pathogenesis and therapy of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","volume":"228","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00023","article-title":"Follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","volume":"10","author":"Laven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20220043","article-title":"Association of FSHR and DENND1A polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Larsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JBRA Assist Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2021.2010837","article-title":"FSHR antagonists can trigger a PCOS-like state","volume":"68","author":"Waghu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Syst Biol Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113158","article-title":"FSHR-mTOR-HIF1 signaling alleviates mouse follicles from AMPK-induced atresia","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4456","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1231","article-title":"Anti-Mullerian hormone, its receptor, FSH receptor, and androgen receptor genes are overexpressed by granulosa cells from stimulated follicles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"93","author":"Catteau-Jonard","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20230009","article-title":"The Ala307Thr polymorphism of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene is associated with the dose of recombinant FSH received during IVF\/ICSI treatment","volume":"27","author":"Dieamant","year":"2023","journal-title":"JBRA Assist Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154458","article-title":"Direct impact of gonadotropins on glucose uptake and storage in preovulatory granulosa cells: implications in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Chahal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6991","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42801-6","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone orchestrates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of pancreatic islets","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-022-01091-0","article-title":"Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome across various tissues: an updated review of pathogenesis, evaluation, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2015.12.006","article-title":"Thecal cell sensitivity to luteinizing hormone and insulin in polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Cadagan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Biol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-012-9739-3","article-title":"Increased expression of P450scc and CYP17 in development of endogenous hyperandrogenism in a rat model of PCOS","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111965","article-title":"Liuwei Dihuang pills alleviate the polycystic ovary syndrome with improved insulin sensitivity through PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"250","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.01.001","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: pathogenic role of androgen excess and potential therapeutic strategies","volume":"35","author":"Sanchez-Garrido","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2019.11.003","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome: correlation between hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and obesity","volume":"502","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02529-w","article-title":"Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to treat premature ovarian failure","volume":"12","author":"Shareghi-Oskoue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90275-9","article-title":"Mutation in the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene causes hereditary hypergonadotropic ovarian failure","volume":"82","author":"Aittom\u00e4ki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/8.4.311","article-title":"Functional characterization of the human FSH receptor with an inactivating Ala189Val mutation","volume":"8","author":"Rannikko","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI3795","article-title":"A novel phenotype related to partial loss of function mutations of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor","volume":"102","author":"Beau","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8319","article-title":"A novel mutation in the FSH receptor inhibiting signal transduction and causing primary ovarian failure","volume":"87","author":"Doherty","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaq003","article-title":"Toward gene therapy of premature ovarian failure: intraovarian injection of adenovirus expressing human FSH receptor restores folliculogenesis in FSHR(\u2212\/\u2212) FORKO mice","volume":"16","author":"Ghadami","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2013.01.004","article-title":"FSH receptor gene variants are rarely associated with premature ovarian failure","volume":"26","author":"Woad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.03.008","article-title":"Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms are associated with idiopathic premature ovarian failure","volume":"89","author":"Bretherick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2010.03.018","article-title":"Two FSHR variants, haplotypes and meta-analysis in Chinese women with premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Du","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346407","article-title":"Screening of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene in women with premature ovarian failure in southern Brazil and associations with phenotype","volume":"31","author":"Vilodre","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2004.05.002","article-title":"Screening of FSH receptor gene in argentine women with premature ovarian failure (POF)","volume":"222","author":"Sundblad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.255","article-title":"Endometriosis: pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Vercellini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115592713","article-title":"Pathogenetic mechanisms of deep infiltrating endometriosis","volume":"22","author":"Tosti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00079-1","article-title":"Histological classification of endometriosis as a predictor of response to treatment","volume":"82","author":"Abrao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115623647","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor expression in Endometriotic lesions and the associated vasculature: an Immunohistochemical study","volume":"23","author":"Robin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.061804","article-title":"Promoter methylation regulates estrogen receptor 2 in human endometrium and endometriosis","volume":"77","author":"Xue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-019-0489-1","article-title":"Aberrant DNA methylation suppresses expression of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) in ovarian endometrioma","volume":"12","author":"Maekawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmz005","article-title":"Endometriosis and nuclear receptors","volume":"25","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.030","article-title":"Patients with endometriosis and patients with poor ovarian reserve have abnormal follicle-stimulating hormone receptor signaling pathways","volume":"95","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-014-3562-4","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene polymorphisms in women with endometriosis","volume":"291","author":"Kerimoglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2017.4093","article-title":"The impact of FSHR gene polymorphisms Ala307Thr and Asn680Ser in the endometriosis development","volume":"37","author":"Andr\u00e9","year":"2018","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.47391\/JPMA.836","article-title":"Association of FSHR gene polymorphisms with endometriosis in women visiting tertiary-care hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan","volume":"71","author":"Liaqat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg046","article-title":"A novel loss of function mutation in exon 10 of the FSH receptor gene causing hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: clinical and molecular characteristics","volume":"18","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.1.161","article-title":"Developmental potential of human spermatogenic cells co-cultured with Sertoli cells","volume":"17","author":"Sousa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719111432872","article-title":"Variants in follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene in infertile Brazilian men and the correlation to FSH serum levels and sperm count","volume":"19","author":"Ghirelli-Filho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09890.x","article-title":"Evaluating the role of the FSH receptor gene Thr307-ala and Asn680-Ser polymorphisms in male infertility and their association with semen quality and reproductive hormones","volume":"108","author":"Safarinejad","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)61026-7","article-title":"FSH receptor gene polymorphisms in fertile and infertile Italian men","volume":"13","author":"Pengo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12949","article-title":"FSHB and FSHR gene variants exert mild modulatory effect on reproductive hormone levels and testis size but not on semen quality: a study of 2020 men from the general Danish population","volume":"9","author":"Bang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12021","article-title":"Synergistic effect of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and androgen receptor gene variants on semen quality","volume":"45","author":"Lazaros","year":"2013","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa243","article-title":"Prospects for FSH treatment of male infertility","volume":"105","author":"Simoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2012.234","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone treatment in normogonadotropic infertile men","volume":"10","author":"Valenti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2023.2263364","article-title":"Investigational follicle-stimulating hormone receptor agonists for male infertility therapy","volume":"32","author":"Cannarella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2022.102310","article-title":"Male infertility and gonadotropin treatment: what can we learn from real-world data?","volume":"86","author":"Esteves","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.09.362","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone treatment for male factor infertility","volume":"119","author":"Caroppo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1071\/RD10142","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)-derived peptide vaccine induced infertility in mice without pathological effect on reproductive organs","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R225","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1487","article-title":"MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: diagnosis and management of primary amenorrhea and female delayed puberty","volume":"184","author":"Sepp\u00e4","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1380473","article-title":"Mutations of follicle-stimulating hormone and its receptor: effects on gonadal function","volume":"138","author":"Huhtaniemi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2022","volume":"72","author":"Siegel","year":"2022","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0047","article-title":"NCCN guidelines\u00ae insights: ovarian cancer, version 3.2022","volume":"20","author":"Armstrong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489767","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1489767","article-title":"Targeting the FSH\/FSHR axis in ovarian cancer: advanced treatment using nanotechnology and immunotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-021-00883-0","article-title":"Endogenous, tissue-resident stem\/progenitor cells in gonads and bone marrow express FSHR and respond to FSH via FSHR-3","volume":"14","author":"Bhartiya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070706","article-title":"Similar population of CD133+ and DDX4+ VSEL-like stem cells sorted from human embryonic stem cell, ovarian, and ovarian cancer ascites cell cultures: the real embryonic stem cells?","volume":"8","author":"Virant-Klun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R35","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0220","article-title":"FSH-FSHR3-stem cells in ovary surface epithelium: basis for adult ovarian biology, failure, aging, and cancer","volume":"149","author":"Bhartiya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-014-0218-z","article-title":"The Asn680Ser polymorphism of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor gene and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Qin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0110-5","article-title":"Targeting cancer stem cell pathways for cancer therapy","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2013.2054","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone inhibits apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by regulating the OCT4 stem cell signaling pathway","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.04.061","article-title":"OCT4 mediates FSH-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion through the ERK1\/2 signaling pathway in epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"461","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.63721","article-title":"Overview of follicle stimulating hormone and its receptors in reproduction and in stem cells and cancer stem cells","volume":"18","author":"Haldar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13834","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70896-0","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes the proliferation of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by activating sphingosine kinase","volume":"10","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2008.70","article-title":"Activation of the PI3K\/AKT pathway mediates FSH-stimulated VEGF expression in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2015.316","article-title":"Gankyrin facilitates follicle-stimulating hormone-driven ovarian cancer cell proliferation through the PI3K\/AKT\/HIF-1\u03b1\/cyclin D1 pathway","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-12-0005","article-title":"FSH enhances the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by activating transient receptor potential channel C3","volume":"20","author":"Tao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934421","article-title":"Follicle stimulating hormone inhibits the expression of p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species through PI3K\/Akt in mouse granulosa cells","volume":"69","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref127","first-page":"3116","article-title":"Roles of follicle stimulating hormone and its receptor in human metabolic diseases and cancer","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-2050-y","article-title":"ACTL6A regulates follicle-stimulating hormone-driven glycolysis in ovarian cancer cells via PGK1","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.00896","article-title":"Gonadotropins upregulate the epidermal growth factor receptor through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase in human ovarian surface epithelial cells","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.12.024","article-title":"Overexpression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor facilitates the development of ovarian epithelial cancer","volume":"278","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2019.1656083","article-title":"FSH receptor binding inhibitor depresses carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer via decreasing levels of K-Ras, c-Myc and FSHR","volume":"32","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5508","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0044","article-title":"Overexpression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor activates oncogenic pathways in preneoplastic ovarian surface epithelial cells","volume":"89","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010071","article-title":"Reduced gonadotrophin receptor expression is associated with a more aggressive ovarian cancer phenotype","volume":"22","author":"Cheung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96794","article-title":"Constitutively active follicle-stimulating hormone receptor enables androgen-independent spermatogenesis","volume":"128","author":"Oduwole","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.103692","article-title":"High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplants in adult primary non-seminoma mediastinal germ-cell tumors. A report from the cellular therapy and Immunobiology working party of the EBMT","volume":"9","author":"Secondino","year":"2024","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347435","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1347435","article-title":"Cryptorchidism and puberty","volume":"15","author":"Rodprasert","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21330","article-title":"Testicular germ cell tumors exhibit evidence of hormone dependence","volume":"118","author":"Douglas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.144812","article-title":"Molecular insights into hormone regulation via signaling pathways in Sertoli cells: with discussion on infertility and testicular tumor","volume":"753","author":"Ni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-07-0257","article-title":"Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms of FSH receptor gene suggests association with testicular cancer susceptibility","volume":"15","author":"Ferlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_27_20","article-title":"Associations of preorchiectomy hormone levels to testicular germ cell tumor pathology, clinical stage, and size","volume":"23","author":"Pineault","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp051","article-title":"Dysregulation of WNT\/CTNNB1 and PI3K\/AKT signaling in testicular stromal cells causes granulosa cell tumor of the testis","volume":"30","author":"Boyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2012.03.005","article-title":"The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: a novel target in genitourinary malignancies","volume":"31","author":"Gartrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-016-0218-z","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR): a promising tool in oncology?","volume":"20","author":"Papadimitriou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118022","article-title":"Hecate-FSH\u03b233-53C\/S lytic peptide conjugate selectively kills targeted follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)-positive cancer cells","volume":"186","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21464","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202002168RR","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes growth of human prostate cancer cell line-derived tumor xenografts","volume":"35","author":"Oduwole","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15344","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192215344","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes the development of endometrial cancer In vitro and In vivo","volume":"19","author":"Sheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1752548","article-title":"Autophagy in the physiological endometrium and cancer","volume":"17","author":"Devis-Jauregui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2012.10.037","article-title":"Gankyrin plays an essential role in estrogen-driven and GPR30-mediated endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation via the PTEN\/PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway","volume":"339","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798866","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.798866","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone induces lipid droplets via G\u03b1i\/o and \u03b2-Arrestin in an endometrial cancer cell line","volume":"12","author":"Sayers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0047","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor as a target in the redirected T-cell therapy for cancer","volume":"3","author":"Urbanska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.11.014","article-title":"Engineered DNA vaccination against follicle-stimulating hormone receptor delays ovarian cancer progression in animal models","volume":"27","author":"Perales-Puchalt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(06)00273-4","article-title":"Expression and cellular localization of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in normal human prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer","volume":"175","author":"Mariani","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-0492","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor is expressed by Most ovarian cancer subtypes and is a safe and effective immunotherapeutic target","volume":"23","author":"Perales-Puchalt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001283","article-title":"Expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in tumor blood vessels","volume":"363","author":"Radu","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2017.6108","article-title":"Novel evidence that pituitary sex hormones regulate migration, adhesion, and proliferation of embryonic stem cells and teratocarcinoma cells","volume":"39","author":"Sellers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2022.188703","article-title":"Targeting nanoparticles to malignant tumors","volume":"1877","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506450","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1506450","article-title":"Research progress on FSH-FSHR signaling in the pathogenesis of non-reproductive diseases","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2019.03.022","article-title":"Possible link between FSH and RANKL release from adipocytes in men with impaired gonadal function including Klinefelter syndrome","volume":"123","author":"Juel Mortensen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-019-00187-w","article-title":"TMT-based quantitative proteomics revealed follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-related molecular characterizations for potentially prognostic assessment and personalized treatment of FSH-positive non-functional pituitary adenomas","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew167","article-title":"Treatment with human, recombinant FSH improves sperm DNA fragmentation in idiopathic infertile men depending on the FSH receptor polymorphism p.N680S: a pharmacogenetic study","volume":"31","author":"Simoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2016.07.006","article-title":"Preorchiectomy Leydig cell dysfunction in patients with testicular cancer","volume":"15","author":"Bandak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.2014.0065","article-title":"Expression of follicle stimulating hormone receptors in pituitary adenomas - a marker of tumour aggressiveness?","volume":"65","author":"Pawlikowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1292245","article-title":"The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor Asn680Ser polymorphism is associated with preterm birth in Hispanic women","volume":"31","author":"Dominguez-Lopez","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-016-0835-9","article-title":"The carriers of the a\/G-G\/G allelic combination of the c.2039 a&gt;G and c.-29 G&gt;a FSH receptor polymorphisms retrieve the highest number of oocytes in IVF\/ICSI cycles","volume":"34","author":"Allegra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1434.001","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics in ovarian stimulation--current concepts","volume":"1127","author":"Loutradis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-014-0329-6","article-title":"Genotyping common FSHR polymorphisms based on competitive amplification of differentially melting amplicons (CADMA)","volume":"31","author":"Borgbo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2019.03412","article-title":"miR-4463 regulates aromatase expression and activity for 17\u03b2-estradiol synthesis in response to follicle-stimulating hormone","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2018.1461956","article-title":"Retro-inverso follicle-stimulating hormone peptide-mediated polyethylenimine complexes for targeted ovarian cancer gene therapy","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2023.100904","article-title":"A follicle-stimulating hormone receptor-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for tumor-selective imaging and photothermal therapy","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.162553","article-title":"A mAb against surface-expressed FSHR engineered to engage adaptive immunity for ovarian cancer immunotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Bordoloi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xfre.2020.09.002","article-title":"Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor autoantibody associated primary ovarian insufficiency successfully treated with corticosteroids: a case report","volume":"1","author":"Riestenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"F S Rep"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70053","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of follicle-stimulating hormone action in the male","author":"Graziani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951928","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.951928","article-title":"Androgens improve ovarian follicle function impaired by glucocorticoids through an androgen-IGF1-FSH synergistic effect","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2023.07.024","article-title":"Oral follicle-stimulating hormone receptor agonist affects granulosa cells differently than recombinant human FSH","volume":"120","author":"Guner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2026041501015489400_ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.5582\/ddt.2024.01006","article-title":"Bu-Shen-Ning-Xin decoction inhibits macrophage activation to ameliorate premature ovarian insufficiency-related osteoimmune disorder via FSH\/FSHR pathway","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Discov Ther"}],"container-title":["Biology of Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf287\/66114938\/ioaf287.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article-pdf\/114\/4\/1168\/66114938\/ioaf287.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article-pdf\/114\/4\/1168\/66114938\/ioaf287.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T05:02:03Z","timestamp":1776229323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biolreprod\/article\/114\/4\/1168\/8402452"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":175,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biolre\/ioaf287","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3363","1529-7268"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3363","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-7268","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]}}}