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Bovine endometrial explants collected at the late luteal stage of the estrous cycle were cultured in RPMI medium for 6 h with nothing (control), 100 ng\/mL recombinant ovine interferon tau (IFNT), a long day 15 conceptus, or a short day 15 conceptus. Transcriptional profiling of the endometrial explants found that exposure of endometrium to IFNT, long conceptuses, or short conceptuses altered (P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) expression of 491, 498, and 230 transcripts, respectively, compared to the control. Further analysis revealed three categories of differentially expressed genes (DEG): (i) commonly responsive to exposure to IFNT and conceptuses, irrespective of size (n\u00a0=\u00a0223); (ii) commonly responsive to IFNT and long conceptuses only (n\u00a0=\u00a0168); and genes induced by the presence of a conceptus but independent of IFNT (n\u00a0=\u00a0108). Of those 108 genes, 101 were exclusively induced by long conceptuses and functional analysis revealed that regulation of molecular function, magnesium-ion transmembrane transport, and clathrin coat assembly were the principal gene ontologies associated with these DEG. In conclusion, bovine endometrium responds differently to age-matched conceptuses of varying size in both an IFNT-dependent and -independent manner, which may be reflective of the likelihood of successful pregnancy establishment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioz060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T20:37:57Z","timestamp":1555101477000},"page":"26-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Bovine endometrium responds differentially to age-matched short and long conceptuses\u2020"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3889-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7351-3865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanta K","family":"Behura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9186-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Passaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Charpigny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA, Biologie du D\u00e9veloppement et Reproduction, Jouy en Josas, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1542-8344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen T","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. 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