{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:04:16Z","timestamp":1787508256082,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Instrumental variables are widely used to deal with unmeasured confounding in observational studies and imperfect randomized controlled trials. In these studies, researchers often target the so-called local average treatment effect as it is identifiable under mild conditions. In this paper we consider estimation of the local average treatment effect under the binary instrumental variable model. We discuss the challenges of causal estimation with a binary outcome and show that, surprisingly, it can be more difficult than in the case with a continuous outcome. We propose novel modelling and estimation procedures that improve upon existing proposals in terms of model congeniality, interpretability, robustness and efficiency. Our approach is illustrated via simulation studies and a real data analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asab003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T23:20:20Z","timestamp":1611616820000},"page":"881-894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Estimation of local treatment effects under the binary instrumental variable model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Linbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 725 South Wright Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820, U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuexia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas S","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Box 354322, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M","family":"Robins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. 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