{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T02:55:28Z","timestamp":1791168928412,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]],"date-time":"2017-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4051,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,5]],"date-time":"2006-09-05T00:17:51Z","timestamp":1157415471000},"page":"640-646","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":241,"title":["Comparison of the effects of thoracic epidural analgesia and i.v. infusion with lidocaine on cytokine response, postoperative pain and bowel function in patients undergoing colonic surgery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"C.P.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.W.","family":"Jao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.S.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.C.","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Sheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.T.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200510000-00020","article-title":"Intraoperative epidural analgesia combined with ketamine provides effective preventive analgesia in patients undergoing major digestive surgery","volume":"103","author":"Lavand\u2019homme","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12502.x","article-title":"Interleukin-8 as a mediator of sympathetic pain","volume":"104","author":"Cunha","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Glial proinflammatory cytokines mediate exaggerated pain states: implications for clinical pain","volume":"521","author":"Watkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0790161","article-title":"Response of serum interleukin-6 in patients undergoing elective surgery of varying severity","volume":"79","author":"Cruickshank","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000142551.92340.CC","article-title":"The interaction effect of perioperative cotreatment with dextromethorphan and intravenous lidocaine on pain relief and recovery of bowel function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy","volume":"100","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2000.440112.x","article-title":"Pre-incisional epidural ketamine, morphine and bupivacaine combined with epidural and general anaesthesia provides pre-emptive analgesia for upper abdominal surgery","volume":"44","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199506000-00019","article-title":"Epidural anesthesia and analgesia. Their role in postoperative outcome","volume":"82","author":"Liu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199802000-00003","article-title":"Intravenous lidocaine speeds the return of bowel function, decreases postoperative pain, and shortens hospital stay in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy","volume":"86","author":"Groudine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000148687.51613.B5","article-title":"Preincisional dextromethorphan combined with thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia improves postoperative pain and bowel function in patients undergoing colonic surgery","volume":"100","author":"Yeh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000132974.32249.C8","article-title":"Preincisional intravenous pentoxifylline attenuating perioperative cytokine response, reducing morphine consumption, and improving recovery of bowel function in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery","volume":"99","author":"Lu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000117146.46373.51","article-title":"The effect of epidural clonidine on perioperative cytokine response, postoperative pain, and bowel function in patients undergoing colorectal surgery","volume":"99","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200105000-00018","article-title":"Epidural lidocaine decreases sevoflurane requirement for adequate depth of anesthesia as measured by the Bispectral Index monitor","volume":"94","author":"Hodgson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199806000-00016","article-title":"Epidural fentanyl produces labor analgesia by a spinal mechanism","volume":"88","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib14","first-page":"414","article-title":"Treatment of postoperative paralytic ileus by intravenous lidocaine infusion","volume":"70","author":"Rimback","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200010000-00037","article-title":"The effect of systemic lidocaine on pain and secondary hyperalgesia associated with the heat-1capsaicin sensitization model in healthy volunteers","volume":"91","author":"Dirks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00233-6","article-title":"Experimental incision-induced pain in human skin: effects of systemic lidocaine on flare formation and hyperalgesia","volume":"100","author":"Kawamata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200401000-00011","article-title":"Anesthesia and analgesia for colon surgery","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib18","first-page":"13","article-title":"Gastrointestinal benefits of regional anesthesia\/analgesia","volume":"21","author":"Carpenter","year":"1996","journal-title":"Reg Anesth"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199409000-00046","article-title":"Epidural drugs also act systemically","volume":"81","author":"Groudine","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200009000-00038","article-title":"Local anesthetics and the inflammatory response: a new therapeutic indication?","volume":"93","author":"Hollmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200003000-00025","article-title":"Effects of lidocaine administration on hemodynamics and cytokine responses to endotoxemia in rabbits","volume":"28","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1996.tb04439.x","article-title":"Lidocaine attenuates hyperoxic lung injury in rabbits","volume":"40","author":"Takao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03693.x","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of amide local anaesthetics on stimulus-induced human leukocyte metabolic activation, LTB4 release and IL-1 secretion in vitro","volume":"37","author":"Sinclair","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(97)00006-8","article-title":"Elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor during and after major abdominal surgery","volume":"9","author":"Kato","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(97)00264-X","article-title":"Interleukin-10 production during and after upper abdominal surgery","volume":"10","author":"Kato","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SLA.0000055742.79045.7E","article-title":"Intra-abdominal activation of a local inflammatory response within the human muscularis externa during laparotomy","volume":"237","author":"Kalff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2000.101584","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines and cell response in surgery","volume":"127","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00186-7","article-title":"Immune activation: the role of proinflammatory cytokines in inflammation, illness responses and pathological pain states","volume":"63","author":"Watkins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3251","article-title":"Sympathetic neurons can produce and respond to interleukin 6","volume":"95","author":"Marz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-1878(199901)21:1<17::AID-BIES3>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Chemokines: extracellular messengers for all occasions?","volume":"21","author":"Gale","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00433-X","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-8 induce persistent mechanical nociceptor hypersensitivity","volume":"96","author":"Sachs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01747.x","article-title":"Lidocaine inhibits secretion of IL-8 and IL-1beta and stimulates secretion of IL-1 receptor antagonist by epithelial cells","volume":"127","author":"Lahav","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.6.2095.bloodjournal8762095","article-title":"Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease","volume":"87","author":"Dinarello","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R824","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.278.4.R824","article-title":"Modulation of the acute phase response by altered expression of the IL-1 type 1 receptor or IL-1ra","volume":"278","author":"Josephs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V79.9.2196.2196","article-title":"Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist circulates in experimental inflammation and in human disease","volume":"79","author":"Fischer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/ael217_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703434","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated inflammatory hyperalgesia limited by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","volume":"130","author":"Cunha","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091217353655?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091217353655?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bja\/article-pdf\/97\/5\/640\/914730\/ael217.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T19:19:59Z","timestamp":1683573599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091217353655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091217353655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/ael217","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}}}