{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T11:49:47Z","timestamp":1789818587069,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]],"date-time":"2017-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1252,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,19]],"date-time":"2014-06-19T20:49:32Z","timestamp":1403210972000},"page":"i32-i38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Lidocaine and ropivacaine, but not bupivacaine, demethylate deoxyribonucleic acid in breast cancer cells in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Lirk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.W.","family":"Hollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.C.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Fiegl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Factors in the production and growth of tumor metastases","volume":"28","author":"Tyzzer","year":"1913","journal-title":"J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01282-8","article-title":"Excisional surgery for cancer cure: therapy at a cost","volume":"4","author":"Coffey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.2174\/138920111798377076","article-title":"Metastasis: recent discoveries and novel perioperative treatment strategies with particular interest in the hemostatic compound desmopressin","volume":"12","author":"Alonso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2072","article-title":"Circulating tumor cells in perioperative esophageal cancer patients: quantitative assay system and potential clinical utility","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201200029","article-title":"The methylation landscape of tumour metastasis","volume":"105","author":"Cock-Rada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)01115-X","article-title":"Relevance of DNA methylation in the management of cancer","volume":"4","author":"Esteller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.103606.109","article-title":"Age-dependent DNA methylation of genes that are suppressed in stem cells is a hallmark of cancer","volume":"20","author":"Teschendorff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69739","article-title":"Clinical development of demethylating agents in hematology","volume":"124","author":"Navada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes128","article-title":"Lidocaine time- and dose-dependently demethylates deoxyribonucleic acid in breast cancer cell lines in vitro","volume":"109","author":"Lirk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/82.8.677","article-title":"Improved therapeutic index of cisplatin by procaine hydrochloride","volume":"82","author":"Esposito","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-3062fje","article-title":"Cancer cell line identification by short tandem repeat profiling: power and limitations","volume":"19","author":"Parson","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4613","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3551","article-title":"E2F3a is critically involved in epidermal growth factor receptor-directed proliferation in ovarian cancer","volume":"70","author":"Reimer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1834","article-title":"CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Weisenberger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E32","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.8.e32","article-title":"MethyLight: a high-throughput assay to measure DNA methylation","volume":"28","author":"Eads","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2007.03.003","article-title":"A mathematical approach to study combined effects of toxicants in vitro: evaluation of the Bliss independence criterion and the Loewe additivity model","volume":"21","author":"Goldoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00115550-200305000-00008","article-title":"Free lidocaine concentrations during continuous epidural anesthesia in geriatric patients","volume":"28","author":"Fukuda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318168514b","article-title":"In vitro, inhibition of stress-activated protein kinase pathways protects against bupivacaine- and ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"106","author":"Lirk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318259bcd8","article-title":"Perioperative systemic lidocaine for postoperative analgesia and recovery after abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"55","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1021\/jm7015705","article-title":"Constrained analogues of procaine as novel small molecule inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase-1","volume":"51","author":"Castellano","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib20","first-page":"13","article-title":"Reversal effects of several Ca(2+)-entry blockers, neuroleptics and local anaesthetics on P-glycoprotein-mediated vincristine resistance of L1210\/VCR mouse leukaemic cell line","volume":"20","author":"Barancik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Drugs Exp Clin Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e31827a3cbe","article-title":"Local anesthetic-induced inhibition of human neutrophil priming: the influence of structure, lipophilicity, and charge","volume":"38","author":"Picardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1981.tb01596.x","article-title":"Antithrombotic effects of lidocaine and related compounds on laser-induced microvascular injury","volume":"25","author":"Luostarinen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1985.tb02292.x","article-title":"Potential anti-thrombotic effects of local anaesthetics due to their inhibition of platelet aggregation","volume":"29","author":"Borg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182661977","article-title":"Antimetastatic potential of amide-linked local anesthetics: inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma cell migration and inflammatory Src signaling independent of sodium channel blockade","volume":"117","author":"Piegeler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib25","first-page":"4984","article-title":"Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent with growth-inhibitory effects in human cancer cells","volume":"63","author":"Villar-Garea","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-007-9014-5","article-title":"Procaine inhibits the proliferation and DNA methylation in human hepatoma cells","volume":"1","author":"Tada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatol Int"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3554","article-title":"Mutations in regulators of the epigenome and their connections to global chromatin patterns in cancer","volume":"14","author":"Plass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23463","article-title":"Evolution of decitabine development: accomplishments, ongoing investigations, and future strategies","volume":"112","author":"Jabbour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-200004000-00009","article-title":"Prognostic impact of the type of anaesthesia used during the excision of primary cutaneous melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Schlagenhauff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200610000-00008","article-title":"Can anesthetic technique for primary breast cancer surgery affect recurrence or metastasis?","volume":"105","author":"Exadaktylos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31817f5b73","article-title":"Anesthetic technique for radical prostatectomy surgery affects cancer recurrence: a retrospective analysis","volume":"109","author":"Biki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181e4f6ec","article-title":"Potential influence of the anesthetic technique used during open radical prostatectomy on prostate cancer-related outcome: a retrospective study","volume":"113","author":"Wuethrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu201_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181de6d0d","article-title":"Association between epidural analgesia and cancer recurrence after colorectal cancer surgery","volume":"113","author":"Gottschalk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091217306244?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091217306244?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bja\/article-pdf\/113\/suppl_1\/i32\/9590150\/aeu201.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:30:36Z","timestamp":1757788236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091217306244"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0007091217306244"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aeu201","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Lidocaine and ropivacaine, but not bupivacaine, demethylate deoxyribonucleic acid in breast cancer cells in vitro","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aeu201","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}