{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:28:11Z","timestamp":1792621691991,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory follicular skin disease that frequently affects the apocrine gland-bearing skin of the axillary, inguinal and anogenital regions. HS has a significant impact on the psychosocial health and quality of life of patients. Diagnosis of HS is typically clinical, and relies on the ability of physicians to recognize the signs of HS. However, lesions may present at the dermal and subcutaneous skin layers, which cannot be diagnosed by clinical examination alone. Further, the complexity of the clinical presentation of HS can lead to misdiagnosis and delay of diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Imaging is an important tool that can address these issues by detecting inflammatory activity and the early subclinical and dermal features of HS, and accurately characterizing lesional morphology, thereby informing on optimal therapeutic strategies. Overall, imaging is a key tool that can be used in conjunction with clinical examination to improve the management of HS by providing additional information to physicians, and thus optimize clinical decision making.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the general role of imaging in the management of HS, and we illustrate HS-specific applications of two pertinent imaging modalities, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, based on the literature, we summarize their uses in HS and provide considerations relating to standardizing the practise of ultrasound and effectively implementing the use of imaging in the management of HS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljad028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T17:23:15Z","timestamp":1675876995000},"page":"591-600","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The use of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the management of hidradenitis suppurativa: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Mendes-Bastos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Center, CUF Descobertas Hospital , Lisbon , Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Martorell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Manises , Valencia , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Bettoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Specialistic Medicine, O.U. of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera-University of Ferrara , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio P","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, CUF Tejo Hospital , Lisbon , Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Muscianisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation , East Hanover, NJ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3359-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ximena","family":"Wortsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Diagnostic Imaging and Research of the Skin and Soft Tissues , Santiago , Chile"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile , Santiago , Chile"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile , Santiago , Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023100619295807400_ljad028-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1159\/000507348","article-title":"Proposed definitions of typical lesions in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"236","author":"Daxhelet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023100619295807400_ljad028-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2001.00303.x","article-title":"Acne inversa (alias hidradenitis suppurativa)","volume":"15","author":"Jansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol 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analysis","volume":"77","author":"Garg","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023100619295807400_ljad028-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.04.001","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective study of 846 Dutch patients to identify factors associated with disease severity","volume":"71","author":"Schrader","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023100619295807400_ljad028-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.07.051","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa in the pediatric population","volume":"73","author":"Liy-Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2023100619295807400_ljad028-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.5435","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa in the pediatric population: an international, multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study of 481 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