{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:15:13Z","timestamp":1787008513479,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare, genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of skin fragility disorders. No cure is currently available, but many novel and repurposed treatments are upcoming. For adequate evaluation and comparison of clinical studies in EB, well-defined and consistent consensus-endorsed outcomes and outcome measurement instruments are necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify previously reported outcomes in EB clinical research, group these outcomes by outcome domains and areas and summarize respective outcome measurement instruments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search was performed in the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO and trial registries covering the period between January 1991 and September 2021. Studies were included if they evaluated a treatment in a minimum of three patients with EB. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection and data extraction. All identified outcomes and their respective instruments were mapped onto overarching outcome domains. The outcome domains were stratified according to subgroups of EB type, age group, intervention, decade and phase of clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The included studies (n = 207) covered a range of study designs and geographical settings. A total of 1280 outcomes were extracted verbatim and inductively mapped onto 80 outcome domains and 14 outcome areas. We found a steady increase in the number of published clinical trials and outcomes reported over the past 30\u2005years. The included studies mainly focused on recessive dystrophic EB (43%). Wound healing was reported most frequently across all studies and referred to as a primary outcome in 31% of trials. Great heterogeneity of reported outcomes was observed within all stratified subgroups. Moreover, a diverse range of outcome measurement instruments (n = 200) was identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We show substantial heterogeneity in reported outcomes and outcome measurement instruments in EB clinical research over the past 30\u2005years. This review is the first step towards harmonization of outcomes in EB, which is necessary to expedite the clinical translation of novel treatments for patients with EB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljad077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T14:34:59Z","timestamp":1682433299000},"page":"80-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Heterogeneity of reported outcomes in epidermolysis bullosa clinical research: a scoping review as a first step towards outcome harmonization"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9166-5654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva W H","family":"Korte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UMCG Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3159-0720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Welponer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, EB House Austria, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Kottner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science , Berlin , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5856-7657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sjoukje","family":"van der Werf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Central Medical Library, , Groningen , the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3734-753X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C","family":"van den Akker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, UMCG Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UMCG Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2331-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitra","family":"Kiritsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6932-0374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Laimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Allergology, EB House Austria, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0641-3829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna M G","family":"Pasmooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UMCG Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Dutch Medicines Evaluation Board , Utrecht , the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8705-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verena","family":"Wally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Programme for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses , EB House Austria, , Salzburg , Austria"},{"name":"University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University , EB House Austria, , Salzburg , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2086-9363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria C","family":"Bolling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UMCG Expertise Center for Blistering Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the 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