{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T03:44:53Z","timestamp":1784691893428,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/S025340\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S025340\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018645","name":"MRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0601361"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0601361"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018645","name":"MRC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/K002449\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/K002449\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["217065\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["217065\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000883","name":"University of Bristol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000362","name":"Asthma UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000362","name":"Asthma UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/L012693\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/L012693\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Isle of Wight Health Authority","award":["364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["364"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL082925-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL082925-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI091905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI091905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI121226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI121226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Longitudinal modelling of the presence\/absence of current eczema through childhood has identified similar phenotypes, but their characteristics often differ between studies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To demonstrate that a more comprehensive description of longitudinal pattern of symptoms may better describe trajectories than binary information on eczema presence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We derived six multidimensional variables of eczema spells from birth to 18\u2005years of age (including duration, temporal sequencing and the extent of persistence\/recurrence). Spells were defined as consecutive observations of eczema separated by no eczema across 5 epochs in five birth cohorts: infancy (first year); early childhood (age 2\u20133\u2005years); preschool\/early school age (4\u20135\u2005years); middle childhood (8\u201310\u2005years); adolescence (14\u201318\u2005years). We applied Partitioning Around Medoids clustering on these variables to derive clusters of the temporal patterns of eczema. We then investigated the stability of the clusters, within-cluster homogeneity and associated risk factors, including FLG mutations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Analysis of 7464 participants with complete data identified five clusters: (i) no eczema (51.0%); (ii) early transient eczema (21.6%); (iii) late-onset eczema (LOE; 8.1%); (iv) intermittent eczema (INT; 7.5%); and (v) persistent eczema (PE; 11.8%). There was very-high agreement between the assignment of individual children into clusters when using complete or imputed (n = 15 848) data (adjusted Rand index = 0.99; i.e. the clusters were very stable). Within-individual symptom patterns across clusters confirmed within-cluster homogeneity, with consistent patterns of symptoms among participants within each cluster and no overlap between the clusters. Clusters were characterized by differences in associations with risk factors (e.g. parental eczema was associated with all clusters apart from LOE; sensitization to inhalant allergens was associated with all clusters, with the highest risk in the PE cluster). All clusters apart from LOE were associated with FLG mutations. Of note, the strongest association was for PE [relative risk ratio (RRR) 2.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.24\u20133.26; P &amp;lt; 0.001] followed by INT (RRR 2.29, 95% CI 1.82\u20132.88; P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clustering of multidimensional variables identified stable clusters with different genetic architectures. Using multidimensional variables may capture eczema development and derive stable and internally homogeneous clusters. However, deriving homogeneous symptom clusters does not necessarily mean that these are underpinned by completely unique mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljad326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T03:23:00Z","timestamp":1699413780000},"page":"45-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Identification of eczema clusters and their association with filaggrin and atopic comorbidities: analysis of five birth cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3607-973X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadia","family":"Haider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , UK"},{"name":"NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Granell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A","family":"Curtin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK"},{"name":"NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fontanella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , UK"},{"name":"NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed","family":"Hasan Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK"},{"name":"David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Newport , Isle of Wight , UK"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare S","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cullinan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Aberdeen Children\u2019s Hospital, NHS Grampian , Aberdeen , UK"},{"name":"Child Health, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK"},{"name":"NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK"},{"name":"David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Newport , Isle of Wight , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust , Manchester , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Custovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London , UK"},{"name":"NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-022-00697-w","article-title":"Evaluating the longitudinal course of atopic dermatitis: implications for clinical practice","volume":"23","author":"Chovatiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.2489","article-title":"Patterns of atopic eczema disease activity from birth through midlife in 2 british birth cohorts","volume":"157","author":"Abuabara","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17879","article-title":"Most associations of early-life environmental exposures and genetic risk factors poorly differentiate between eczema phenotypes: the Generation R Study","volume":"181","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14139","article-title":"Establishing subclasses of childhood eczema, their risk factors and prognosis","volume":"52","author":"Lopez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19885","article-title":"Four childhood atopic dermatitis subtypes identified from trajectory and severity of disease and internally validated in a large UK birth cohort","volume":"185","author":"Mulick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20767","article-title":"Modelling trajectories of parentally reported and physician-confirmed atopic dermatitis in a birth cohort study","volume":"186","author":"Nakamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.09.044","article-title":"Identification of atopic dermatitis subgroups in children from 2 longitudinal birth cohorts","volume":"141","author":"Paternoster","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.0556","article-title":"Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis depending on the timing of onset and progression in childhood","volume":"171","author":"Roduit","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13993","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis trajectories to age 8\u2005years in the GUSTO cohort","volume":"51","author":"Suaini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14068","article-title":"Sex-specific developmental trajectories of eczema from infancy to age 26\u2005years: a birth cohort study","volume":"52","author":"Ziyab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12170","DOI":"10.1002\/clt2.12170","article-title":"Data-driven research on eczema: systematic characterization of the field and recommendations for the future","volume":"12","author":"Duverdier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2020.1816825","article-title":"Atopic phenotypes and their implication in the atopic march","volume":"16","author":"Custovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00258","article-title":"Classification of pediatric asthma: from phenotype discovery to clinical practice","volume":"6","author":"Oksel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.10.059","article-title":"Causes of variability in latent phenotypes of childhood wheeze","volume":"143","author":"Oksel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202003-0820OC","article-title":"Chromosome 17q12-21 variants are associated with multiple wheezing phenotypes in childhood","volume":"203","author":"Hallmark","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201811-837OC","article-title":"Distinguishing wheezing phenotypes from infancy to adolescence. a pooled analysis of five birth cohorts","volume":"16","author":"Oksel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202108-1821OC","article-title":"Modeling wheezing spells identifies phenotypes with different outcomes and genetic associates","volume":"205","author":"Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys066","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort","volume":"42","author":"Fraser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.019877","article-title":"Early allergen exposure, skin prick responses, and atopic wheeze at age 5 in English children: a cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Cullinan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy023","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Isle Of Wight Whole Population Birth Cohort (IOWBC)","volume":"47","author":"Arshad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200402-220OC","article-title":"Antioxidant intake in pregnancy in relation to wheeze and eczema in the first two years of life","volume":"171","author":"Martindale","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"s15","key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.13.s.15.3.x","article-title":"The National Asthma Campaign Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study","volume":"13","author":"Custovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-206781","article-title":"The Study Team for Early Life Asthma Research (STELAR) consortium \u2018Asthma e-lab': team science bringing data, methods and investigators together","volume":"70","author":"Custovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2019.08.041","article-title":"Early-life inhalant allergen exposure, filaggrin genotype, and the development of sensitization from infancy to adolescence","volume":"145","author":"Simpson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316801","volume-title":"Finding Groups in Data","author":"Kaufman","year":"1990"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-55721-7_23","volume-title":"Exploratory Data Analysis in Empirical Research","author":"Wishart","year":"2003"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws289","article-title":"A framework for multiple imputation in cluster analysis","volume":"177","author":"Basaga\u00f1a","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119013563","volume-title":"Statistical Analysis with Missing Data","author":"Little","year":"2002"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B29","volume-title":"cluster: Cluster Analysis Basics and Extensions. R package version 2.1.0","author":"Maechler"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3","volume-title":"ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2009"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.09.044","article-title":"Identification of atopic dermatitis subgroups in children from 2 longitudinal birth cohorts","volume":"141","author":"Paternoster","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clinical Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09049.x","article-title":"Exclusive breastfeeding and incident atopic dermatitis in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"161","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202110-2418OC","article-title":"Evolution of eczema, wheeze, and rhinitis from infancy to early adulthood: four birth cohort studies","volume":"206","author":"Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17853","article-title":"Different definitions of atopic dermatitis: impact on prevalence estimates and associated risk factors","volume":"181","author":"Nakamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447","article-title":"Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis","volume":"92","author":"Hanifin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh)"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12982","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, or eczema? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and recommendation for uniform use of \u2018atopic dermatitis\u2019","volume":"71","author":"Kantor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B37","first-page":"1","article-title":"What's in a name? Atopic dermatitis or atopic eczema, but not eczema alone","volume":"11","author":"Silverberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.13981","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis or eczema? Consequences of ambiguity in disease name for biomedical literature mining","volume":"51","author":"Frainay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.01.075","article-title":"How should an incident case of atopic dermatitis be defined? A systematic review of primary prevention studies","volume":"130","author":"Simpson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2023122107162530400_ljad326-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.09.036","article-title":"Longitudinal atopic\u00a0dermatitis endotypes: an atopic march paradigm that\u00a0includes Black children","volume":"149","author":"Biagini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljad326\/52824368\/ljad326.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/190\/1\/45\/54716070\/ljad326.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/190\/1\/45\/54716070\/ljad326.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T07:23:20Z","timestamp":1703143400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/190\/1\/45\/7343206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljad326","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0963","1365-2133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0963","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]}}}