{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:22:36Z","timestamp":1740126156685,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007137","name":"Northern Norway Regional Health Authority","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HNF1361-17","SFP1167-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HNF1361-17","SFP1167-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007137","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007432","name":"Odd Berg Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007432","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Case\u2013control studies indicate an association between lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and psoriasis. Data from larger population-based cohorts including mild cases are sparse.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the association between 25(OH)D and psoriasis in a large population-based cohort, and assess possible effect modification by overweight.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from the Troms\u00f8 Study 2015\u201316 (Troms\u00f87), which included 19 520 participants from the general population aged 40\u201379\u2005years, were subjected to a cross-sectional analysis. We assessed the shapes of the relationships between 25(OH)D and psoriasis using fractional polynomials. Odds ratios (ORs) for lifetime and active psoriasis were estimated using logistic regression. Adjusted models included month of blood sampling, body mass index (BMI), age and sex. Two-way and additive interaction between BMI and 25(OH)D were explored.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From a total of 19 520 participants [10 203 women (52.3%); mean age 56.3\u2005years (SD 10.4); mean 25[OH]D, 63.4\u2005nmol L\u22121 (SD 21.9)], 2088 (10.7%) reported lifetime psoriasis and 1179 (6.0%) reported active psoriasis the past 12\u2005months. There was no association between 25(OH)D and lifetime psoriasis [OR per 10\u2005nmol L\u22121 increase in 25(OH)D 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99\u20131.04]. The relationship between 25(OH)D and active psoriasis was suggested to be nonlinear, but the model was not significant (P = 0.098). There was evidence for a superadditive effect (i.e. larger than the sum of the factors) of BMI &amp;gt; 27.5\u2005kg m\u22122 and 25(OH)D &amp;lt; 25\u2005nmol L\u22121 on the odds for active psoriasis (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.18\u20133.12), but not for lifetime psoriasis (OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.93\u20132.15). There was no evidence for two-way interaction between BMI and 25(OH)D.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This large population-based study found no significant relationship between 25(OH)D and psoriasis. The analysis may have been underpowered to detect a threshold effect in the lower 25(OH)D spectrum. Interaction analysis indicates that high BMI and vitamin D deficiency combined increase the odds of active psoriasis more than the sum of these factors, with an estimated 92% higher odds for active psoriasis in participants with BMI &amp;gt; 27.5\u2005kg m\u22122 and 25(OH)D &amp;lt; 25\u2005nmol L\u22121. Providing advice to prevent vitamin D deficiency may be considered in the follow-up of overweight patients with psoriasis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljad472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T20:11:52Z","timestamp":1701202312000},"page":"680-688","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and psoriasis in a large population-based cohort: a\u00a0cross-sectional analysis of The Troms\u00f8 Study 2015\u201316"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Marita","family":"Jenssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne-Sofie","family":"Furberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infection Control University Hospital of North Norway , Troms\u00f8 , Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College , Molde , Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8803-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rolf","family":"Jorde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway , Troms\u00f8 , Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2709-9472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Wilsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjersti","family":"Danielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology"},{"name":"Department of Community Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.4006","article-title":"Pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of psoriasis: a review","volume":"323","author":"Armstrong","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1590","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1590","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide epidemiology of psoriasis: systematic analysis and modelling study","volume":"369","author":"Parisi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12230","article-title":"Is the prevalence of psoriasis increasing? A 30-year follow-up of a population-based cohort","volume":"168","author":"Danielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","article-title":"Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"96","author":"Holick","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1159\/000485132","article-title":"Vitamin D and the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin diseases","volume":"31","author":"Umar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-017-9411-6","article-title":"Vitamin D and its role in psoriasis: an overview of the dermatologist and nutritionist","volume":"18","author":"Barrea","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-017-1751-2","article-title":"The relevance of serum vitamin D in psoriasis: a review","volume":"309","author":"Hambly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-020-00380-3","article-title":"Deciphering the association between psoriasis and obesity: current evidence and treatment considerations","volume":"9","author":"Paroutoglou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Obes Rep"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9989-8","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in individuals with psoriasis in the general population","volume":"44","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807344","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.807344","article-title":"Evidence of a causal relationship between vitamin D status and risk of psoriasis from the UK Biobank study","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00236","article-title":"Association of serum vitamin D with psoriasis and effect modification by central obesity","volume":"7","author":"Kuang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.24808","article-title":"A pilot study assessing the effect of prolonged administration of high daily doses of vitamin D on the clinical course of vitiligo and psoriasis","volume":"5","author":"Finamor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clicom.2022.01.001","article-title":"Daily oral vitamin D3 without concomitant therapy in the management of psoriasis: a case series","volume":"2","author":"Mahtani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Commun"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B14","first-page":"51","article-title":"A patient with psoriasis cured by 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3","volume":"35","author":"Morimoto","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med J Osaka Univ"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02555120","article-title":"Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris by oral administration of 1\u03b1-hydroxyvitamin D3\u2014open-design study","volume":"39","author":"Morimoto","year":"1986","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2020.111024","article-title":"Effectiveness of oral vitamin D supplementation in lessening disease severity among patients with psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"82","author":"Theodoridis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072097","article-title":"Immunologic effects of vitamin D on human health and disease","volume":"12","author":"Charoenngam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2017.1373735","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of monthly vitamin D supplementation in mild psoriasis","volume":"29","author":"Jarrett","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2018.1444728","article-title":"Oral vitamin D3 supplementation for chronic plaque psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Ingram","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B20","article-title":"The clinical effect of oral vitamin D2 supplementation on psoriasis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"5237642","author":"Disphanurat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Res Pract"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.0357","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on psoriasis severity in patients with lower-range serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"159","author":"Jenssen","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr049","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Troms\u00f8 Study","volume":"41","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948221092294","article-title":"The seventh survey of the Troms\u00f8 Study (Troms\u00f87) 2015\u20132016: study design, data collection, attendance, and prevalence of risk factors and disease in a multipurpose population-based health survey","volume":"50","author":"Hopstock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"335","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/JID.2015.386","article-title":"Validity of self-reported psoriasis in a general population: The HUNT Study, Norway","volume":"136","author":"Modalsli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0150","article-title":"Effect of smoking on the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D depends on the assay employed","volume":"163","author":"Grimnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.01.021","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation guidelines","volume":"175","author":"Pludowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B28","first-page":"i","article-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation","volume":"894","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2000","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","author":"WHO Expert Consultation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-70","article-title":"Reducing bias through directed acyclic graphs","volume":"8","author":"Shrier","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-011-9554-9","article-title":"Estimating measures of interaction on an additive scale for preventive exposures","volume":"26","author":"Knol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152238","article-title":"Associations between vitamin D and autoimmune diseases: Mendelian randomization analysis","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.04.004","article-title":"Plasma vitamin D is not associated with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: results from Danish general population studies","volume":"143","author":"N\u00e4slund-Koch","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1159\/000455840","article-title":"Psoriasis and obesity","volume":"232","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9121750","article-title":"Causal links between hypovitaminosis D and dysregulation of the T cell connection of immunity associated with obesity and concomitant pathologies","volume":"9","author":"Todosenko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq005","article-title":"Tracking of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels during 14\u2005years in a population-based study and during 12\u2005months in an intervention study","volume":"171","author":"Jorde","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13288","article-title":"Elevated odds of metabolic syndrome in psoriasis: a population-based study of age and sex differences","volume":"172","author":"Danielsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B38","volume-title":"Modern Epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"2021","edition":"4th edn"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-143","article-title":"The HUNT study: participation is associated with survival and depends on socioeconomic status, diseases and symptoms","volume":"12","author":"Langhammer","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.07.064","article-title":"Psoriasis and comorbid diseases: epidemiology","volume":"76","author":"Takeshita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.195","article-title":"The effect of narrowband UV-B treatment for psoriasis on vitamin D status during wintertime in Ireland","volume":"146","author":"Ryan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152238","article-title":"Associations between vitamin D and autoimmune diseases: Mendelian randomization analysis","volume":"62","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llad095","article-title":"Relationship between genetically proxied vitamin D and psoriasis risk: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"48","author":"Bohmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.09.013","article-title":"Causal analysis shows evidence of atopic dermatitis leading to an increase in vitamin D levels","volume":"141","author":"Drodge","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2024041719051618000_ljad472-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e066452","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066452","article-title":"Vitamin D and marine omega 3 fatty acid supplementation and incident autoimmune disease: VITAL randomized controlled trial","volume":"376","author":"Hahn","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljad472\/56446945\/ljad472.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/190\/5\/680\/57262123\/ljad472.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/190\/5\/680\/57262123\/ljad472.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T21:20:52Z","timestamp":1713388852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/190\/5\/680\/7453345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljad472","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0963","1365-2133"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-0963"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2133"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]}}}