{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:48:32Z","timestamp":1787701712952,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003980","name":"National Eczema Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003980","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The term \u2018flare\u2019 is used across multiple diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD), to describe increased disease activity. While several definitions of an AD flare have been proposed, no single definition of AD flare is widely accepted and it is unclear what the term \u2018AD flare\u2019 means from the patient perspective.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To understand AD flares from the adult patient perspective and to explore how adults with AD define an AD flare.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants were adults with AD recruited from the National Eczema Association Ambassadors programme, a volunteer patient-engagement programme. They participated in online focus groups to discuss how they describe AD flares from their perspective, how they define its start and stop, and how they relate to existing definitions of flare. Using a grounded theory approach, transcripts were analysed and coded using an iterative process to identify concepts to support a patient-centred conceptual framework of \u2018flare\u2019.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Six 90-min focus groups of 3\u20138 participants each were conducted with 29 US adults (\u2265 18\u2005years of age) with AD who had at least one self-reported AD flare in the past year. When participants were presented with examples of previously published definitions of AD flare, participants found them problematic and unrelatable. Specifically, they felt that flare is hard to quantify or put on a numerical scale, definitions cannot solely be about skin symptoms and clinical verbiage does not resonate with patients\u2019 lived experiences. Concepts identified by patients as important to a definition of flare were changes from patient\u2019s baseline\/patient\u2019s normal, mental\/emotional\/social consequences, physical changes in skin, attention needed\/all-consuming focus, itch\u2013scratch\u2013burn cycle and control\/loss of control\/quality of life. Figuring out the trigger that initiated a flare was an underlying concept of the experience of flare but was not considered a contributor to the definition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results highlight the complexity and diversity of AD flare experiences from the adult patient perspective. Previously published definitions of AD flares did not resonate with patients, suggesting a need for a patient-centred flare definition to support care conversations and AD management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T07:56:45Z","timestamp":1706601405000},"page":"82-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Towards a patient-centred definition for atopic dermatitis flare: a qualitative study of adults with atopic dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Katie N","family":"Dainty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation, North York General Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , ON , 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Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Wyke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami\/Jackson Memorial Hospital , FL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy Smith","family":"Begolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Eczema Association , Novato, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024062015120750300_ljae037-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.1906","article-title":"The multidimensional burden of atopic dermatitis among adults: results from a large national survey","volume":"158","author":"Elsawi","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA 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