{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T01:50:50Z","timestamp":1787795450949,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1185416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1185416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Fellowship","award":["APP1155413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1155413"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Understanding the factors that influence age at melanoma diagnosis by sex and anatomical site is crucial for developing effective prevention and early detection strategies. While previous research has highlighted sex-based differences in melanoma incidence by age and anatomical distribution, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate sex-specific patterns in melanoma age at diagnosis across different anatomical sites and thickness categories, considering the potential influence of disease progression and detection rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a registry-based study to examine mean age at diagnosis of invasive melanoma over two decades for White men and women in the USA and for the population in Queensland, Australia. Mean age at diagnosis was calculated for men and women according to anatomical site (head\/neck, trunk, upper limb, lower limb), and by Breslow thickness (\u2264 1.00\u2005mm, 1.01\u20132.00\u2005mm, 2.01\u20134.00\u2005mm, &amp;gt; 4.00\u2005mm) and histological subtype (superficial spreading, nodular, lentigo maligna, \u2018other\u2019 subtypes and subtype \u2018not otherwise specified\u2019). Case listings of all invasive melanoma diagnoses between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2018 were obtained from the National Cancer Institute\u2019s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) programme (nine registries) and from the Queensland Cancer Registry. Sensitivity analyses were performed that restricted the data to the most recent 5-year time period (2014\u20132018). All analyses were conducted between 15 July and 19 August 2024.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>On average, women were diagnosed with invasive melanoma 3\u20138\u2005years earlier than men. The sex difference in mean age at diagnosis was observed at all body sites and across most thickness categories in the US and Queensland populations, but was most marked for thinner melanomas (\u2264 1.00\u2005mm) and melanoma of the trunk. Women were significantly younger than men at diagnosis of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma at all body sites in both populations, even within the 0.1-mm thickness strata.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sex may be a factor that influences melanocytic progression. The consistently younger age at melanoma diagnosis of women vs. men suggests a need for tailored approaches to melanoma control.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T18:16:48Z","timestamp":1734459408000},"page":"857-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Differences in mean age at diagnosis of invasive melanoma for men and women by anatomical site, thickness and subtype"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2563-9559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David C","family":"Whiteman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Herston, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1462-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nirmala","family":"Pandeya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Herston, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4483-1888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine M","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Herston, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.0470","article-title":"Evaluation of sex-specific incidence of melanoma","volume":"156","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4176","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24481","article-title":"Divergent cancer pathways for early-onset and late-onset cutaneous malignant melanoma","volume":"115","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2024.05.011","article-title":"Does sex matter? Temporal analyses of melanoma trends among men and women suggest etiologic heterogeneity","volume":"145","author":"Olsen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2024.02.003","article-title":"Trends in age at melanoma diagnosis according to thickness and histologic subtype have implications for causality and control","volume":"144","author":"Olsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0402-x","article-title":"Melanoma pathology reporting and staging","volume":"33","author":"Scolyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.11.806","article-title":"Melanocytic nevi, solar keratoses, and divergent pathways to cutaneous melanoma","volume":"95","author":"Whiteman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.37","article-title":"From melanocytes to melanomas","volume":"16","author":"Shain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2019-0561-RA","article-title":"The 2018 World Health Organization classification of cutaneous, mucosal, and uveal melanoma: detailed analysis of 9 distinct subtypes defined by their evolutionary pathway","volume":"144","author":"Elder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00880.x","article-title":"The melanomas: a synthesis of epidemiological, clinical, histopathological, genetic, and biological aspects, supporting distinct subtypes, causal pathways, and cells of origin","volume":"24","author":"Whiteman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.08.027","article-title":"Sex differences in the association of cutaneous melanoma incidence rates and geographic ultraviolet light exposure","volume":"76","author":"Liu-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18412","article-title":"Indoor tanning prevalence after the International Agency for Research on Cancer statement on carcinogenicity of artificial tanning devices: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"182","author":"Rodriguez-Acevedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042813572557400_ljae482-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18703","article-title":"Does polygenic risk influence associations between sun exposure and melanoma? 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