{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:41:57Z","timestamp":1792460517821,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82573977"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82573977"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neutrophils, the most abundant of the circulating leucocytes, play crucial roles in antimicrobial defence, tissue remodelling and immune regulation. Traditionally regarded as predominantly glycolytic, relying on aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) for rapid ATP generation, neutrophils are now recognized to possess broader metabolic flexibility. Emerging evidence has revealed their capacity for oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation and glutaminolysis. As a result, mitochondrial metabolism is dynamically reprogrammed during differentiation and activation. These metabolic shifts in mitochondria profoundly influence essential neutrophil functions, including neutrophil\u00a0extracellular trap (NET) formation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, chemotaxis and apoptosis. In inflammatory skin diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction amplifies pathological responses by enhancing ROS production and driving NETosis. Specifically, in conditions such as psoriasis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus and Beh\u00e7ets, neutrophil mitochondrial activity is markedly increased, and this increase correlates with disease activity and progression. Notably, mitochondrial ROS have emerged as critical mediators of inflammation, triggering pathways such as peptidylarginine deiminase type 4-dependent NETosis, inflammasome activation and proinflammatory cytokine release. Accordingly, therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophil mitochondrial pathways, including ROS scavengers, mitophagy inducers and metabolic modulators, are gaining increasing attention as promising approaches to mitigate neutrophil-driven skin inflammation. In this review recent advances in understanding mitochondrial metabolism in neutrophils, with particular emphasis on the pathological roles and therapeutic potential of this metabolism as related to inflammatory skin disorders, are described.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljag060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:19:15Z","timestamp":1771244355000},"page":"15-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mitochondrial metabolism in neutrophils: emerging roles in inflammatory skin diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Fangru","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingjie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoxing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingdi","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanting","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushuo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui-Qun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8946-7031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyu","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, and National Health Commission , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases , Shenyang ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2020.20.e46","article-title":"Current understanding on the metabolism of neutrophils","volume":"20","author":"Jeon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae025","article-title":"Metabolic regulation of neutrophil functions in homeostasis and diseases","volume":"116","author":"Leblanc","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572927","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1572927","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism is rapidly re-activated in mature neutrophils to support stimulation-induced response","volume":"16","author":"Lika","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00012.2018","article-title":"The neutrophil\u2019s role during health and disease","volume":"99","author":"Liew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220248","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.220248","article-title":"How neutrophil metabolism affects bacterial killing","volume":"12","author":"Toller-Kawahisa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2013","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002013","article-title":"Mitochondrial membrane potential in human neutrophils is maintained by complex III activity in the absence of supercomplex organisation","volume":"3","author":"van Raam","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826515","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.826515","article-title":"Physiological and pathophysiological roles of metabolic pathways for NET formation and other neutrophil functions","volume":"13","author":"Stojkov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934444","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.934444","article-title":"Roles of mitochondria in neutrophils","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds003","article-title":"LRRK2 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and function through direct interaction with DLP1","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26794","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.572495","article-title":"Mitochondria regulate neutrophil activation by generating ATP for autocrine purinergic signaling","volume":"289","author":"Bao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102926","article-title":"Mitochondrial complex I ROS production and redox signaling in hypoxia","volume":"67","author":"Okoye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2020.103768","article-title":"Mitochondria-derived ATP participates in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps induced by platelet-activating factor through purinergic signaling in cows","volume":"113","author":"Quiroga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.102225","article-title":"Mitochondria in human neutrophils mediate killing of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"49","author":"Dunham-Snary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2017.03.003","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are involved in chemoattractant-induced oxidative burst and degranulation of human neutrophils in vitro","volume":"96","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00277","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-mediated gut epithelial and immune regulation and its relevance for inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"10","author":"Parada Venegas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08530","article-title":"Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43","volume":"461","author":"Maslowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0163750","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163750","article-title":"G protein-coupled receptor 43 modulates neutrophil recruitment during acute inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Kamp","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8757","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168757","article-title":"Sodium acetate enhances neutrophil extracellular trap formation via histone acetylation pathway in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells","volume":"25","author":"Yasuda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322269111","article-title":"The microbial metabolite butyrate regulates intestinal macrophage function via histone deacetylase inhibition","volume":"111","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-023-01080-z","article-title":"GPR84 regulates pulmonary inflammation by modulating neutrophil functions","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27766-8","article-title":"Oxylipin metabolism is controlled by mitochondrial \u03b2-oxidation during bacterial inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Misheva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04339-z","article-title":"Neutrophil trafficking to the site of infection requires Cpt1a-dependent fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation","volume":"5","author":"Pham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1012188","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012188","article-title":"Fatty acid metabolism in neutrophils promotes lung damage and bacterial replication during tuberculosis","volume":"20","author":"Sankar","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS PATHOG"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm033027","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.033027","article-title":"Neutrophil-specific knockout demonstrates a role for mitochondria in regulating neutrophil motility in zebrafish","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.03.019","article-title":"Phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 at Ser616 regulates mitochondrial fission and is involved in mitochondrial calcium uniporter-mediated neutrophil polarization and chemotaxis","volume":"87","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jcs248880","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.248880","article-title":"Mitofusin 2 regulates neutrophil adhesive migration and the actin cytoskeleton","volume":"133","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.027","article-title":"Mitocytosis, a migrasome-mediated mitochondrial quality-control process","volume":"184","author":"Jiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kolaczkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00044.2005","article-title":"The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"87","author":"Bedard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L624","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90522.2008","article-title":"Participation of mitochondrial respiratory complex III in neutrophil activation and lung injury","volume":"296","author":"Zmijewski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201503066","article-title":"mTOR and differential activation of mitochondria orchestrate neutrophil chemotaxis","volume":"210","author":"Bao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.105","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease","volume":"18","author":"Papayannopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297920100065","article-title":"NETosis: molecular mechanisms, role in physiology and pathology","volume":"85","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165664","article-title":"Mitochondrial permeability transition pore is involved in oxidative burst and NETosis of human neutrophils","volume":"1866","author":"Vorobjeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198716","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1198716","article-title":"Mitochondrial ROS and base excision repair steps leading to DNA nick formation drive ultraviolet induced-NETosis","volume":"14","author":"Azzouz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2025.02.003","article-title":"Mitochondria sense bacterial lactate and drive release of neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"33","author":"Wise","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0120549","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120549","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA released by trauma induces neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"10","author":"Itagaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4027","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps enriched in oxidized mitochondrial DNA are interferogenic and contribute to lupus-like disease","volume":"22","author":"Lood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14070776","article-title":"Inter-organelle crosstalk in oxidative distress: a unified TRPM2\u2013NOX2 mediated vicious cycle involving Ca2+, Zn2+ and ROS amplification","volume":"14","author":"Shitaw","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101139","article-title":"Structure-functional implications of longevity protein p66Shc in health and disease","volume":"63","author":"Mir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2025.09.047","article-title":"Redox biology at the intersection of physical activity and air pollution: mechanisms, consequences, and complexity","volume":"241","author":"Jeria-Espinoza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B43","first-page":"20133112","article-title":"The oxidative environment: a mediator of interspecies communication that drives symbiosis evolution","volume":"281","author":"Mon\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3024","article-title":"Neutrophils in the activation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"11","author":"Mantovani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0141-8","article-title":"Heterogeneity of neutrophils","volume":"19","author":"Ng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01059","article-title":"Mechanisms of inflammation in neutrophil-mediated skin diseases","volume":"10","author":"Marzano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5894","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41484-3","article-title":"CREB1-driven CXCR4hi neutrophils promote skin inflammation in mouse models and human patients","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20240229","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20240229","article-title":"Neutrophil IL-26 fuels autoinflammation","volume":"221","author":"Futosi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414055112","article-title":"SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx","volume":"112","author":"Douda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01787-2","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps and neutrophilic dermatosis: an update review","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01663-z","article-title":"GSDMD promotes neutrophil extracellular traps via mtDNA\u2013cGAS\u2013STING pathway during lung ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01881-6","article-title":"DNA of neutrophil extracellular traps promote NF-\u03baB-dependent autoimmunity via cGAS\/TLR9 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14397","article-title":"Evaluation of neutrophil extracellular trap deregulated formation in pyoderma gangrenosum","volume":"30","author":"Croia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14360","article-title":"Characterizing the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps in neutrophilic dermatoses","volume":"30","author":"Eid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3339","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.93764","article-title":"Energy competition remodels the metabolic glucose landscape of psoriatic epidermal cells","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61909-7","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"386","author":"Boehncke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32549-6","article-title":"Psoriasis","volume":"397","author":"Griffiths","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02376","article-title":"Neutrophils in psoriasis","volume":"10","author":"Chiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714897","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.714897","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are essential for the development of psoriatic inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Mizuguchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01287-6","article-title":"NETosis exacerbates skin inflammation in obese psoriasis patients","volume":"22","author":"Silva de Melo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.08.056","article-title":"IL-1 and IL-36 are dominant cytokines in generalized pustular psoriasis","volume":"140","author":"Johnston","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15514","article-title":"Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death","volume":"526","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP101248","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.101248","article-title":"Gasdermin D-mediated neutrophil pyroptosis drives inflammation in psoriasis","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01278-7","article-title":"Saturated fatty acid-induced neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to exacerbation and biologic therapy resistance in obesity-related psoriasis","volume":"22","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjidi.2023.100243","article-title":"Circulating oxidized mtDNA is associated broadly with cardiovascular disease in a longitudinal cohort study of psoriasis","volume":"4","author":"Lateef","year":"2024","journal-title":"JID Innov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.114939","article-title":"The natural compound PEITC ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice by suppressing neutrophil extracellular traps formation","volume":"159","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049079","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1049079","article-title":"Neutrophils inhibit \u03b3\u03b4 T cell functions in the imiquimod-induced mouse model of psoriasis","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114596","article-title":"Randialic acid B and tomentosolic acid block formyl peptide receptor 1 in human neutrophils and attenuate psoriasis-like inflammation in vivo","volume":"190","author":"Korinek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B69","first-page":"e30330","article-title":"An overview of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis, classification, and management","volume":"14","author":"Ameer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.10393","article-title":"Cutaneous lupus erythematosus","volume":"150","author":"Eastham","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14040","article-title":"Investigating the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps in cutaneous lesions of different subtypes of lupus erythematosus","volume":"28","author":"Safi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.17036","article-title":"Role of neutrophils in cutaneous lupus erythematosus","volume":"51","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2021.03.019","article-title":"Immunometabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus: relevant pathogenetic mechanisms and potential clinical applications","volume":"120","author":"Tzeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2016.05.007","article-title":"The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus \u2013 from the viewpoint of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13465","article-title":"Beh\u00e7et's disease","volume":"21","author":"Davatchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5 Suppl. 24","key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B76","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Neutrophil activation in Beh\u00e7et's disease","volume":"19","author":"Eksioglu-Demiralp","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214335","article-title":"Critical role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with Behcet's disease","volume":"78","author":"Le Joncour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2411524","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202411524","article-title":"NETs\u2013CD44\u2013IL-17A feedback loop drives Th17-mediated inflammation in Beh\u00e7et's uveitis","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-53528-3","article-title":"TNF inhibitors target a mevalonate metabolite\/TRPM2\/calcium signaling axis in neutrophils to dampen vasculitis in Beh\u00e7et's disease","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2023.109318","article-title":"NETs and Beh\u00e7et's disease: a review","volume":"250","author":"Le Joncour","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017738","article-title":"Neutrophil activation promotes fibrinogen oxidation and thrombus formation in Beh\u00e7et disease","volume":"13","author":"Becatti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-024-00671-2","article-title":"Sex-specific circulating unconventional neutrophils determine immunological outcome of auto-inflammatory Beh\u00e7et's uveitis","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Discov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-34","article-title":"Sweet's syndrome \u2013 a comprehensive review of an acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis","volume":"2","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00060","article-title":"Dexamethasone inhibits S. aureus-induced neutrophil extracellular pathogen-killing mechanism, possibly through Toll-Like receptor regulation","volume":"8","author":"Wan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90449-S","article-title":"Inhibition of the human leukocyte enzymes myeloperoxidase and eosinophil peroxidase by dapsone","volume":"44","author":"Bozeman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00550-8","article-title":"Switching to the cyclic pentose phosphate pathway powers the oxidative burst in activated neutrophils","volume":"4","author":"Britt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4233","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094233","article-title":"Based on the TLR4\/NLRP3 pathway and its impact on the formation of NETs to explore the mechanism of ginsenoside Rg(1) on acute gouty arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-02277-9","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ radiosensitizes tumors by decreasing mitochondrial oxygen consumption","volume":"10","author":"Rondeau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.022","article-title":"A comparative study of the efficiency of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants MitoTEMPO and SKQ1 under oxidative stress","volume":"224","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15363","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2002250117","article-title":"Mitochondrial protein interaction landscape of SS-31","volume":"117","author":"Chavez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125621","article-title":"In situ scavenging of mitochondrial ROS by anti-oxidative MitoQ\/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for environment-induced dry eye disease therapy","volume":"398","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123631","article-title":"Liposomal emodin: a nanomedicine for two-photon imaging and mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy of psoriasis","volume":"325","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B93","first-page":"100846","article-title":"Nano transdermal system combining mitochondria-targeting cerium oxide nanoparticles with all-trans retinoic acid for psoriasis","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2025.126000","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted curcumin microneedles for psoriasis therapy via autophagy activation and epidermal hyperplasia suppression","volume":"682","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580171","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.580171","article-title":"Acetate revisited: a key biomolecule at the nexus of metabolism, epigenetics, and oncogenesis \u2013 part 2: Acetate and ACSS2 in health and disease","volume":"11","author":"Moffett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-1847","article-title":"Targeting ACSS2 with a transition-state mimetic inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth","volume":"81","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20211314","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211314","article-title":"CD36, a signaling receptor and fatty acid transporter that regulates immune cell metabolism and fate","volume":"219","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857919","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.857919","article-title":"The biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of fatty acid binding protein 5 in various diseases","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115741","article-title":"Acetyl-CoA metabolism as a therapeutic target for cancer","volume":"168","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G287","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00105.2023","article-title":"Medium-chain fatty acid oxidation is independent of l-carnitine in liver and kidney but not in heart and skeletal muscle","volume":"325","author":"Pereyra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"re3","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.272re3","article-title":"CD36, a scavenger receptor involved in immunity, metabolism, angiogenesis, and behavior","volume":"2","author":"Silverstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2589","article-title":"Fatty acid-binding proteins: role in metabolic diseases and potential as drug targets","volume":"7","author":"Furuhashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2016.01.023","article-title":"Carnitine transport and fatty acid oxidation","volume":"1863","author":"Longo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2026062312173923300_ljag060-B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.01.005","article-title":"The emerging role of dysregulated propionate metabolism and methylmalonic acid in metabolic disease, aging, and cancer","volume":"37","author":"Shafer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljag060\/66967464\/ljag060.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/195\/1\/15\/66967464\/ljag060.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article-pdf\/195\/1\/15\/66967464\/ljag060.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T16:17:56Z","timestamp":1782231476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjd\/article\/195\/1\/15\/8489164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljag060","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0963","1365-2133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0963","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]}}}