{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:47:57Z","timestamp":1792072077190,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006662","name":"NIHR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Oxford Biomedical Research Centre","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00k27zs44","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100025989","name":"CAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-I2M-2-001-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-I2M-2-001-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100025989","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC-2025-StG-101221086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC-2025-StG-101221086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>T cells are often enriched at barrier tissues, yet little is known about their roles in barrier sensing and relevance to associated disease. CD1a is a major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecule expressed by Langerhans cells, and forms complexes with lipid antigens to facilitate recognition by nonclassical CD1a-reactive T cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the role of CD1a in the disease pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human skin challenge, single-cell and spatial transcriptomic-based approaches and functional immunology were used to assess the role of CD1a in AD pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin allergen challenge in individuals with AD induced skin CCL17 and CCL22 concentrations that promoted CCR4+ T-cell migration. Single-cell resolution proteo-transcriptomics from human lesional AD skin tissue identified a dominant CCL17\/CCL22 source as a persistent population of activated skin CD1a+ dendritic cells (DCs) previously shown to be transiently enriched in human skin wounds. Single-cell resolution spatial tissue analyses showed that these cells were predominantly located within lesional subepidermal microcompartment clusters co-localizing with distinct subpopulations of T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Activated skin DCs expressed neutral sphingomyelinase, which processed inhibitory long-chain sphingomyelin to drive Th2 cell CD1a autoreactivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings are consistent with human CD1a-autoreactive T cells sensing chronic skin barrier compromise through the detection of altered sphingomyelin cycle activity, with implications for the pathogenesis of atopic and related disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljag391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T13:51:20Z","timestamp":1788616280000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CD1a-autoreactive T-cell sensing of skin barrier 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