{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:44:46Z","timestamp":1740138286086,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1161","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore a quantitative interpretation of the term \u2018moderate harm\u2019 as applied to the triggering of the duty of candour associated with clinically significant accidental and unintended exposures to ionizing radiation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Current definitions of \u2018moderate harm\u2019 were matched to the lay descriptions of disease and injury states used in the calculation of detriment as disability-adjusted life years (DALY) by the World Health Organization, to obtain a value of detriment associated with \u2018moderate harm\u2019. Published conversion factors between effective dose and DALY were used to calculate the effective dose associated with the same detriment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The DALY loss associated with a moderate harm incident is estimated as 0.0216\u2009years. This corresponds to the detriment resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation of 21 mSv. An effective dose of 21 mSv relates to a probability of induced cancer of 0.0012.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results obtained closely match existing guidance although the method used is completely different. It is concluded that there is no evidence to change the existing guidance on the triggering of DoC in radiation incidents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Advances in knowledge<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An alternative approach to linking \u2018moderate harm\u2019 and radiation detriment has reinforced existing guidance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjr\/tqae125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T22:14:46Z","timestamp":1719526486000},"page":"1534-1537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Duty of candour and clinically significant accidental or unintended exposures: revisiting the definition of moderate harm for patient safety incidents involving ionizing radiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1890-1160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C John","family":"Kotre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health, University of Cumbria , Lancaster LA1 3JD, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Enquiry","year":"2013","author":"Francis","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B1"},{"issue":"1034","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130555","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20130555","article-title":"Duty of candour and the definition of moderate harm for radiation overexposure and exposures much greater than intended in diagnostic radiology","volume":"87","author":"Kotre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"year":"2014","author":"Statutory Instrument","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B3"},{"year":"2017","author":"Statutory Instrument","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B4"},{"year":"2022","author":"Care Quality Commission","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B5"},{"year":"2023.","author":"NHS England","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B6"},{"year":"2020","author":"Royal College of Radiologists","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B7"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/35\/4\/763","article-title":"Calculating disability-adjusted life years (DALY) as a measure of excess cancer risk following radiation exposure","volume":"35","author":"Shimada","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"year":"2021","author":"Vaillant","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B9"},{"year":"2020.","author":"World Health Organization","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B10"},{"issue":"9859","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61680-8","article-title":"Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury: disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Salomon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"year":"2020.","author":"Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation","key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B12"},{"key":"2024081918311928400_tqae125-B13","article-title":"ICRP Publication 103 The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection","volume":"37(2-4)","author":"International Commission on Radiological Protection","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann ICRP"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqae125\/58469957\/tqae125.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article-pdf\/97\/1161\/1534\/58854404\/tqae125.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article-pdf\/97\/1161\/1534\/58854404\/tqae125.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T18:31:41Z","timestamp":1724092301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/article\/97\/1161\/1534\/7700665"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1161","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqae125","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1285","1748-880X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1285"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1748-880X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]}}}