{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T06:18:09Z","timestamp":1764656289920,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1163","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fluoroscopic guided procedures are a mainstay for interventional radiology (IR) procedures. Practice is needed for the novice to interpret fluoroscopic images and simultaneously perform the procedure hands-on as well as control the foot pedal to screen. We describe the development of a training simulation model which simulates the human kidney, ureter, and bladder.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stereolithography (SLA) 3D print technology using SLA resin and Anycubic SLA printer were employed. A plastic tubing was used to connect the 3D printed kidney and bladder as the ureter. This simulation model permits fluoroscopic guided filling of \u201cpelvicalyceal system\u201d with contrast as well as ureteric stenting, guidewire, and drainage catheter manipulation. Effectiveness of the model to attain skills for nephrostomy exchange and ureteric stenting was obtained via questionnaire from trainees prior to and after utilizing the model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 3D printing simulation model of the kidney, ureter, and bladder system enables trainees to perform nephrostomy exchange, nephrostogram, and antegrade stenting. Participants felt more confident to perform the procedures as they were more familiar with the procedure. Besides that, participants felt their wire and catheter manipulation skills have improved after using the simulation model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neph-ex simulation model is safe and effective for hands-on training in improving proficiency of fluoroscopy-guided nephrostomy exchange and antegrade ureteric stenting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Advances in knowledge<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As of our knowledge, there are no commercially available simulation models for fluoroscopic guided nephrostomy exchange and ureteric stent deployment. No article on nephrostomy exchange simulation model has been published before.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjr\/tqae184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T14:20:35Z","timestamp":1725978035000},"page":"1765-1768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neph-ex: a 3D printed interventional radiology training tool for nephrostomy exchange"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5198-1721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li Shyan","family":"Ch\u2019ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus , 4700 Selangor, Sungai Buloh,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anis Shafina","family":"Mahfudz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus , 4700 Selangor, Sungai Buloh,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hakimah","family":"Azman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah Universiti Teknologi MARA , 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mudzakir","family":"Zainal Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah Universiti Teknologi MARA , 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernisha","family":"Saib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah Universiti Teknologi MARA , 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nor Syahirah","family":"Rosaland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah Universiti Teknologi MARA , 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Izzat","family":"Ahmad Sabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"L\u00f6nge Medikal Sdn Bhd, Level 2 Co9P Medical Technology Centre , 43400 Serdang, Selangor,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2024102107545081000_tqae184-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajur.2018.08.007","article-title":"Epidemiology of urolithiasis in Asia","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J Urol"},{"key":"2024102107545081000_tqae184-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104474","article-title":"Comparison complications rate between double-J ureteral stent and percutaneous nephrostomy in obstructive uropathy due to stone disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"81","author":"Al-Hajjaj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024102107545081000_tqae184-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015140320","article-title":"Medical 3D printing for the radiologist","volume":"35","author":"Mitsouras","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024102107545081000_tqae184-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-016-1757-5","article-title":"Soft 3D-printed phantom of the human kidney with collecting system","volume":"45","author":"Adams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Biomed 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