{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:49:33Z","timestamp":1792586973147,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the feasibility of repurposing a transparent ultrasound gel pad as a radiotherapy bolus, we focused on dosimetric performance and compatibility with surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A gel pad bolus composed of tamarind seed gum and polyhydric alcohols was compared with a conventional gel bolus and a thermoplastic bolus. Percent depth dose was measured for 6\u2009MV and 10\u2009MV photon beams and 6\u2009MeV and 9\u2009MeV electron beams. Straight-line optical transmittance was assessed over 380\u2013830\u2009nm. Surface recognition accuracy was quantified using the AlignRT SGRT system on a breast phantom.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The gel pad produced a measurable bolus effect for both photon and electron beams, although superficial dose enhancement was lower than that of conventional materials (85.5% vs 90.3\u201391.5% at 6\u2009MV). Deep doses beyond dmax agreed within 1% for photon beams. At 730\u2009nm, the gel pad bolus demonstrated high transmittance (92.3%), compared with the gel (19.8%) and HM (36.6%) boluses. The SGRT recognition rate with the gel pad bolus (89.10%) was comparable to the no-bolus condition (92.93%, p\u2009=\u20090.13), whereas conventional boluses significantly reduced recognition (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The transparent gel pad bolus enabled direct SGRT-based recognition of the underlying skin surface while maintaining clinically relevant bolus functionality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Advances in knowledge<\/jats:title>\n Optical transparency enables SGRT monitoring through a bolus, highlighting optical compatibility as an important design consideration.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjr\/tqag256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:35:15Z","timestamp":1792586115000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A transparent gel pad bolus enabling direct skin recognition in surface-guided radiation therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Shunta","family":"Hirano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Sumitomo Hospital Department of Medical Physics, , 5-3-20 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 530-0005","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Hospital Department of Central Radiology, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Uehara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Faculty of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Monzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kindai University Department of Medical Physics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , 1-14-1, Miharadai, Minami-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka, 590-0197,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"container-title":["British Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqag256\/72248835\/tqag256.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqag256\/72248835\/tqag256.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:35:16Z","timestamp":1792586116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjr\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqag256\/8964682"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjr\/tqag256","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1285","1748-880X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1285","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-880X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"article-number":"tqag256"}}