{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T10:16:37Z","timestamp":1778494597656,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are often encountered incidentally in cross sectional imaging modalities. The most frequently described anomalies include retroaortic left renal vein, left IVC, double IVC, circumaortic left renal vein, interruption of IVC with azygos and hemiazygos continuation, absence of the infrarenal IVC, and circumcaval ureter. This report shows an unusual case of congenital inferior vena cava anomaly, characterized by an intrapulmonary course of the inferior vena cava.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjrcr\/uaag017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T03:59:31Z","timestamp":1777089571000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intrapulmonary course of the inferior vena cava: a rare congenital anomaly"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Pietro","family":"Sergio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Distefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"De Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Zangrandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Maretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"D\u2019incerto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Golemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Guarneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Muri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Ciolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Voltini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Carnevale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, ASST Cremona , Cremona 26100,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-015-0431-z","article-title":"Inferior vena cava anomalies and variations: imaging and rare clinical findings","volume":"6","author":"Petik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-021-01066-7","article-title":"The inferior vena cava: anatomical variants and acquired pathologies","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2011.08.006","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava","volume":"67","author":"Malaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2687","DOI":"10.4102\/sajr.v27i1.2687","article-title":"Imaging of inferior vena cava normal variants, anomalies and pathologies, part 1: congenital","volume":"27","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2023","journal-title":"SA J Radiol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.352140136","article-title":"Imaging evaluation of the inferior vena cava","volume":"35","author":"Smillie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.3.g00ma09639","article-title":"Spectrum of congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava: cross-sectional imaging findings","volume":"20","author":"Bass","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744522","article-title":"Developmental anomalies of the inferior vena cava and its tributaries: what the radiologist needs to know?","volume":"32","author":"Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-014-0351-3","article-title":"The azygos vein pathway: an overview from anatomical variations to pathological changes","volume":"5","author":"Piciucchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13051013","article-title":"An in-depth review of the azygos vein and its clinical significance","volume":"13","author":"Stolarczyk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2023.0079","article-title":"CT findings of the azygos venous system: congenital variants and acquired structural changes","volume":"85","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Radiol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.5.1821139","article-title":"Venous anomalies of the thorax","volume":"182","author":"Demos","year":"2004","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2025.01.063","article-title":"Scimitar syndrome: a case report","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.283075101","article-title":"Imaging the inferior vena cava: a road less traveled","volume":"28","author":"Kandpal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2133","article-title":"Imaging of the inferior vena cava with MDCT","volume":"189","author":"Sheth","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.4102\/sajr.v27i1.2694","article-title":"Imaging of inferior vena cava normal variants, anomalies and pathologies, part 2: acquired","volume":"27","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2023","journal-title":"SA J Radiol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.180.3.1800729","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava revealed on CT in patients with deep vein thrombosis","volume":"180","author":"Gayer","year":"2003","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e240171","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.240171","article-title":"Thoracic vascular anomalies: insights from embryology and imaging","volume":"45","author":"Taiji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W100","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0000000000000420","article-title":"The azygos vein from A to Z","volume":"34","author":"Rivaud","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.01.063","article-title":"Duplication and transposition of inferior vena cava: a meta-analysis of prevalence","volume":"7","author":"Hostiuc","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2023.07.002","article-title":"Systematic review of inferior vena cava atresia","volume":"11","author":"Saab","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2022.05.045","article-title":"Prevalence of inferior vena cava anomalies and their significance and impact in clinical practice","volume":"64","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1430-y","article-title":"Various congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava: review of cross-sectional imaging findings and report of a new variant","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-001-1241-x","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the venae cavae: embryological origin, imaging features and report of three new variants","volume":"12","author":"Minniti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2022.01.021","article-title":"Clinical implications of congenital interruption of inferior vena cava","volume":"121","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026051105514743600_uaag017-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22445","article-title":"The clinical anatomy of the inferior vena cava: a review of common congenital anomalies and considerations for clinicians","volume":"27","author":"Spentzouris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Anat"}],"container-title":["BJR|Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjrcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjrcr\/uaag017\/68156789\/uaag017.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjrcr\/article-pdf\/12\/3\/uaag017\/68156789\/uaag017.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjrcr\/article-pdf\/12\/3\/uaag017\/68156789\/uaag017.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T09:51:55Z","timestamp":1778493115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjrcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/bjrcr\/uaag017\/8662215"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjrcr\/uaag017","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"article-number":"uaag017"}}