{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T07:40:05Z","timestamp":1788248405991,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":237,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NCI Cancer Center Support","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Metabolic imaging in clinical practice has long relied on PET with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a radioactive tracer. However, this conventional method presents inherent limitations such as exposure to ionizing radiation and potential diagnostic uncertainties, particularly in organs with heightened glucose uptake like the brain. This review underscores the transformative potential of traditional deuterium MR spectroscopy (MRS) when integrated with gradient techniques, culminating in an advanced metabolic imaging modality known as deuterium MRI (DMRI). While recent advancements in hyperpolarized MRS hold promise for metabolic analysis, their widespread clinical usage is hindered by cost constraints and the availability of hyperpolarizer devices or facilities. DMRI, also denoted as deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI), represents a pioneering, single-shot, and noninvasive paradigm that fuses conventional MRS with nonradioactive deuterium-labelled substrates. Extensively tested in animal models and patient cohorts, particularly in cases of brain tumours, DMI's standout feature lies in its seamless integration into standard clinical MRI scanners, necessitating only minor adjustments such as radiofrequency coil tuning to the deuterium frequency. DMRI emerges as a versatile tool for quantifying crucial metabolites in clinical oncology, including glucose, lactate, glutamate, glutamine, and characterizing IDH mutations. Its potential applications in this domain are broad, spanning diagnostic profiling, treatment response monitoring, and the identification of novel therapeutic targets across diverse cancer subtypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjro\/tzae019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T18:52:49Z","timestamp":1722883969000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Deuterium MR spectroscopy: potential applications in oncology research"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0192-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Almir Galv\u00e3o Vieira","family":"Bitencourt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center , S\u00e3o Paulo, 01525-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Diagn\u00f3sticos da Am\u00e9rica S.A. , S\u00e3o Paulo, 04321-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arka","family":"Bhowmik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Flavio De Lacerda","family":"Marcal Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, A. C. Camargo Cancer Center , S\u00e3o Paulo, 01525-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Diagn\u00f3sticos da Am\u00e9rica S.A. , S\u00e3o Paulo, 04321-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Lo Gullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Mazaheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"},{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Kapetas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Eskreis-Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2722-7331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Pinker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8090-3696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunitha B","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"},{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, 10065, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3557","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-0182","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than PET for detecting treatment-induced cell death\u2013dependent changes in glycolysis","volume":"79","author":"Hesketh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2023.02.002","article-title":"Metabolic imaging with deuterium labeled substrates","volume":"134-135","author":"Low","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s44303-023-00004-0","article-title":"Imaging cancer metabolism using magnetic resonance","volume":"2","author":"Brindle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Npj Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21670","article-title":"Metabolomics in cancer research and emerging applications in clinical oncology","volume":"71","author":"Schmidt","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119382461","volume-title":"In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Techniques","author":"De Graaf","year":"2019","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.07.017","article-title":"Proton and multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the human brain at ultra-high field strength: a review","volume":"168","author":"Henning","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v3.i4.105","article-title":"Applications of multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T","volume":"3","author":"Stephenson","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-022-01262-z","article-title":"Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.8.6.519","article-title":"The metabolism of tumors in the body","volume":"8","author":"Warburg","year":"1927","journal-title":"J Gen Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"198","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198ra108","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006070","article-title":"Metabolic imaging of patients with prostate cancer using hyperpolarized [1-13C] pyruvate","volume":"5","author":"Nelson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1039\/C3CS60124B","article-title":"Chemistry and biochemistry of 13 C hyperpolarized magnetic resonance using dynamic nuclear polarization","volume":"43","author":"Keshari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01224-6","article-title":"The use of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI in clinical body imaging to probe cancer metabolism","volume":"124","author":"Woitek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28612","article-title":"Comparison of hyperpolarized 13C and non-hyperpolarized deuterium MRI approaches for imaging cerebral glucose metabolism at 4.7 T","volume":"85","author":"von Morze","year":"2021","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13132311","article-title":"Hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI in breast cancer","volume":"13","author":"Woitek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaat7314","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aat7314","article-title":"Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) for MRI-based 3D mapping of metabolism in vivo","volume":"4","author":"De Feyter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11090570","article-title":"Deuterium metabolic imaging-rediscovery of a spectroscopic tool","volume":"11","author":"Polvoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119284","article-title":"Deuterium metabolic imaging and hyperpolarized 13C-MRI of the normal human brain at clinical field strength reveals differential cerebral metabolism","volume":"257","author":"Kaggie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164034","article-title":"Simultaneous recording of the uptake and conversion of glucose and choline in tumors by deuterium metabolic imaging","volume":"13","author":"Veltien","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2003.08.027","article-title":"Ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy","volume":"21","author":"U\u011furbil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2008.06.019","article-title":"1H NMR spectroscopy of rat brain in vivo at 14.1 Tesla: improvements in quantification of the neurochemical profile","volume":"194","author":"Mlyn\u00e1rik","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Magn Reson"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e229019","DOI":"10.1148\/rycan.229019","article-title":"Monitoring response to treatment with oral [2, 3-2H2]-fumarate and MR spectroscopy imaging","volume":"4","author":"Callow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiol Imaging Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000953","article-title":"Noninvasive 3-dimensional 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of human brain glucose and neurotransmitter metabolism using deuterium labeling at 3t: feasibility and interscanner reproducibility","volume":"58","author":"Niess","year":"2023","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26700","article-title":"Proton MR spectroscopy in the breast: technical innovations and clinical applications","volume":"50","author":"Fardanesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B25","first-page":"20190026","article-title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in gliomas: clinical diagnosis and radiotherapy planning","author":"Laino","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov307","article-title":"Integration of 2-hydroxyglutarate-proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy into clinical practice for disease monitoring in isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant glioma","volume":"18","author":"de la Fuente","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.698","article-title":"Automatic quantitation of localized in vivo 1H spectra with LCModel","volume":"14","author":"Provencher","year":"2001","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2023.120250","article-title":"Reproducibility of 3D MRSI for imaging human brain glucose metabolism using direct (2H) and indirect (1H) detection of deuterium labeled compounds at 7T and clinical 3T","volume":"277","author":"Niess","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01114871","article-title":"31P-NMR investigation of solid tumours in the living rat","volume":"1","author":"Griffiths","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"issue":"8339","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92375-9","article-title":"31P-NMR studies of a human tumour in situ","volume":"1","author":"Griffiths","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22493","article-title":"Diagnostic usefulness of water-to-fat ratio and choline concentration in malignant and benign breast lesions and normal breast parenchyma: an in vivo 1H MRS study","volume":"33","author":"Thakur","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3162","article-title":"Choline metabolism in malignant transformation","volume":"11","author":"Glunde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02662511","article-title":"Choline metabolism in breast cancer; 2 H-, 13 C-and 31 P-NMR studies of cells and tumors","volume":"6","author":"Katz-Brull","year":"1998","journal-title":"MAGMA"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130816","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1130816","article-title":"Mapping of exogenous choline uptake and metabolism in rat glioblastoma using deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI)","volume":"17","author":"Ip","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B35","first-page":"0016","article-title":"Delayed mapping of 2H-labeled choline using Deuterium Metabolic Imaging (DMI) reveals active choline metabolism in rat glioblastoma","volume":"29","author":"De Feyter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med Virtual"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598626","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.598626","article-title":"Lactate metabolism and immune modulation in breast cancer: a focused review on triple negative breast tumors","volume":"10","author":"Naik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(01)01630-3","article-title":"Elevated tumor lactate concentrations predict for an increased risk of metastases in head-and-neck cancer","volume":"51","author":"Brizel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01143","article-title":"Lactate in the regulation of tumor microenvironment and therapeutic approaches","volume":"9","author":"de la Cruz-L\u00f3pez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3599","article-title":"Cancer drug resistance: an evolving paradigm","volume":"13","author":"Holohan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.08.006","article-title":"Increased lactate secretion by cancer cells sustains non-cell-autonomous adaptive resistance to MET and EGFR targeted therapies","volume":"28","author":"Apicella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27049","article-title":"Intratumor lactate levels reflect HER2 addiction status in HER2-positive breast cancer","volume":"234","author":"Castagnoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2006.08.012","article-title":"Tumor lactate content predicts for response to fractionated irradiation of human squamous cell carcinomas in nude mice","volume":"81","author":"Quennet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B43","first-page":"255","article-title":"An update on the role of (18)F-FDG-PET\/CT in major infectious and inflammatory diseases","volume":"9","author":"Kung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1995.1035","article-title":"Single-scan in vivo lactate editing with complete lipid and water suppression by selective multiple-quantum-coherence transfer (Sel-MQC) with application to tumors","volume":"106","author":"He","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Magn Reson B"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22065","article-title":"In vivo lactate signal enhancement using binomial spectral-selective pulses in selective MQ coherence (SS-SelMQC) spectroscopy","volume":"62","author":"Thakur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3587","article-title":"Validating a robust double-quantum-filtered 1H MRS lactate measurement method in high-grade brain tumours","volume":"29","author":"Payne","year":"2016","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"18","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5158","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3300","article-title":"Relationships between LDH-A, lactate, and metastases in 4T1 breast tumors","volume":"19","author":"Rizwan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.29693","article-title":"J-Difference editing (MEGA) of lactate in the human brain at 3T","volume":"90","author":"Robison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019192024","article-title":"Deuterium MR spectroscopy: a new way to image glycolytic flux rates","volume":"294","author":"Ouwerkerk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmr.2021.106932","article-title":"Deuterium metabolic imaging\u2013back to the future","volume":"326","author":"De Feyter","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Magn Reson"},{"issue":"274","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274ra17","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa1009","article-title":"Glutamine-based PET imaging facilitates enhanced metabolic evaluation of gliomas in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Venneti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-017-2212-1","article-title":"Glutamine addiction in gliomas","volume":"42","author":"M\u00e1rquez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.71","article-title":"From Krebs to clinic: glutamine metabolism to cancer therapy","volume":"16","author":"Altman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2017.178","article-title":"Targeting glutamine metabolism for cancer treatment","volume":"26","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomol Ther (Seoul)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0499-8","article-title":"1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 2H-to-1H exchange quantifies the dynamics of cellular metabolism in vivo","volume":"4","author":"Rich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"16","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-4418","article-title":"Deuterium metabolic imaging reports on TERT expression and early response to therapy in cancer","volume":"28","author":"Batsios","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885480","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.885480","article-title":"Distinguishing tumor admixed in a radiation necrosis (RN) background: (1)H and (2)H MR with a novel mouse brain-tumor\/RN model","volume":"12","author":"Ge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0252935","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252935","article-title":"Feasibility of deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy of 3-O-Methylglucose at 7 Tesla","volume":"16","author":"Hartmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2014631118","article-title":"Monitoring tumor cell death in murine tumor models using deuterium magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging","volume":"118","author":"Hesse","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4989","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4989","article-title":"[6, 6\u2032-2H2] fructose as a deuterium metabolic imaging probe in liver cancer","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4569","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4569","article-title":"Deuterium MRSI characterizations of glucose metabolism in orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse models","volume":"34","author":"Markovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"24","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5173","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-1635","article-title":"Deuterium magnetic resonance imaging using deuterated water-induced 2H-tissue labeling allows monitoring cancer treatment at clinical field strength","volume":"29","author":"Asano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4995","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4995","article-title":"Deuterium imaging of the Warburg effect at sub-millimolar concentrations by joint processing of the kinetic and spectral dimensions","volume":"36","author":"Montrazi","year":"2023","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19998","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47301-7","article-title":"High-sensitivity deuterium metabolic MRI differentiates acute pancreatitis from pancreatic cancers in murine models","volume":"13","author":"Montrazi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadm8600","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adm8600","article-title":"Molecular imaging of tumor metabolism: insight from pyruvate-and glucose-based deuterium MRI studies","volume":"10","author":"Montrazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019191242","article-title":"Measuring tumor glycolytic flux in vivo by using fast deuterium MRI","volume":"294","author":"Kreis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B67","first-page":"453","article-title":"Lactate enhances motility of tumor cells and inhibits monocyte migration and cytokine release","volume":"39","author":"Goetze","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B68","first-page":"409","article-title":"Correlation of high lactate levels in head and neck tumors with incidence of metastasis","volume":"150","author":"Walenta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2009.11.007","article-title":"Glycolytic metabolism and tumour response to fractionated irradiation","volume":"94","author":"Sattler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1699-6","article-title":"Lactate as a predictive marker for tumor recurrence in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) post radiation: a prospective study over 15 years","volume":"20","author":"Blatt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"14","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14891","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014891","article-title":"Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging in diagnosis of suspicious prostate cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"Supplement_3","key":"2024082005453574800_tzae019-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii16","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdad070.060","article-title":"NEIM-11 deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) detects a larger warburg effect in high-grade brain tumors and in IDH wild type gliomas","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol Adv"}],"container-title":["BJR|Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjro\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/bjro\/tzae019\/58739212\/tzae019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjro\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/tzae019\/58856781\/tzae019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjro\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/tzae019\/58856781\/tzae019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]],"date-time":"2024-08-20T01:46:17Z","timestamp":1724118377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjro\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/bjro\/tzae019\/7727672"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjro\/tzae019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2513-9878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2513-9878","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"article-number":"tzae019"}}