{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:15:26Z","timestamp":1787008526469,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HRH Crown Princess Lovisa\u2019s Foundation"},{"name":"HRH Crown Princess Lovisa\u2019s Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phlegmonous and gangrenous appendicitis represent independent pathophysiological entities with different clinical courses ranging from spontaneous resolution to septic disease. However, reliable predictive methods for these clinical phenotypes have not yet been established. In an attempt to provide pathophysiological insights into the matter, a genomewide gene expression analysis was undertaken in patients with acute appendicitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and, after histological confirmation of PA or GA, analysed for genomewide gene expression profiling using RNA microarray technology and subsequent pathway analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Samples from 29 patients aged 7\u201317 years were included. Genomewide gene expression analysis was performed on 13 samples of phlegmonous and 16 of gangrenous appendicitis. From a total of 56\u00a0666 genes, 3594 were significantly differently expressed. Distinct interaction between T and B cells in the phlegmonous appendicitis group was suggested by overexpression of T cell receptor \u03b1 and \u03b2 subunits, CD2, CD3, MHC II, CD40L, and the B cell markers CD72 and CD79, indicating an antiviral mechanism. In the gangrenous appendicitis group, expression of genes delineating antibacterial mechanisms was found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results provide evidence for different and independent gene expression in phlegmonous and gangrenous appendicitis in general, but also suggest distinct immunological patterns for the respective entities. In particular, the findings are compatible with previous evidence of spontaneous resolution in phlegmonous and progressive disease in gangrenous appendicitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zraa045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T10:14:20Z","timestamp":1615457660000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Use of gene expression profiling to identify candidate genes for pretherapeutic patient classification in acute appendicitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Kiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Minderjahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Reismann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Wester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Hauptmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin, 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