{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:31:58Z","timestamp":1791952318308,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]],"date-time":"2021-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RfPB PB-PG-0816-20005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RfPB PB-PG-0816-20005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ventra hernias are increasing in prevalence and many recur despite attempted repair. To date, much of the literature is underpowered and divergent. As a result there is limited high quality evidence to inform surgeons succinctly which perioperative variables influence postoperative recurrence. This systematic review aimed to identify predictors of ventral hernia recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PubMed was searched for studies reporting prognostic data of ventral hernia recurrence between 1 January 1995 and 1 January 2018. Extracted data described hernia type (primary\/incisional), definitions of recurrence, methods used to detect recurrence, duration of follow-up, and co-morbidity. Data were extracted for all potential predictors, estimates and thresholds described. Random-effects meta-analysis was used. Bias was assessed with a modified PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Screening of 18 214 abstracts yielded 274 individual studies for inclusion. Hernia recurrence was defined in 66 studies (24.1 per cent), using 41 different unstandardized definitions. Three patient variables (female sex, age 65 years or less, and BMI greater than 25, 30, 35 or 40 kg\/m2), five patient co-morbidities (smoking, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ASA grade III\u2013IV, steroid use), two hernia-related variables (incisional\/primary, recurrent\/primary), six intraoperative variables (biological mesh, bridged repair, open versus laparoscopic surgery, suture versus mesh repair, onlay\/retrorectus, intraperitoneal\/retrorectus), and six postoperative variables (any complication, surgical-site occurrence, wound infection, seroma, haematoma, wound dehiscence) were identified as significant prognostic factors for hernia recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study summarized the current evidence base for predicting ventral hernia recurrence. Results should inform best practice and future research.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bjsopen\/zraa071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]],"date-time":"2021-04-11T11:43:03Z","timestamp":1618141383000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Identifying predictors of ventral hernia recurrence: systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3710-9953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S G","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":". Mallett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"University College London Medical School , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C P J","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R W","family":"Boulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Jamshaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":". Erotocritou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":". Gowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":". Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A A O","family":"Plumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Medical Imaging, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A C J","family":"Windsor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdominal Wall Unit, Department of Surgery, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Prognosis Research, School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University , Keele, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Halligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Medical Imaging, University College Hospital , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B1","author":"Hospital Episode Statistics"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-011-0879-9","article-title":"Epidemiology and cost of ventral hernia repair\u202f: making the case for hernia research","volume":"16","author":"Shelton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480907500407","article-title":"Repair of massive ventral hernias with the separation of parts technique: reversal of the \u2018lost domain\u2019","volume":"75","author":"Hadad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2014.12.055","article-title":"Open retromuscular mesh repair of complex incisional hernia: predictors of wound events and recurrence","volume":"220","author":"Cobb","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182849871","article-title":"A 5-year clinical experience with single-staged repairs of infected and contaminated abdominal wall defects utilizing biologic mesh","volume":"257","author":"Rosen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1177\/000313489906500905","article-title":"Comparison of laparoscopic and open ventral herniorrhapy","volume":"65","author":"Ramshaw","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B7","first-page":"189","article-title":"Results of laparoscopic versus open abdominal and incisional hernia repair","volume":"9","author":"Olmi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Soc Laparoendosc Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182734130","article-title":"Prospective, long-term comparison of quality of life in laparoscopic versus open ventral hernia repair","volume":"256","author":"Colavita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"62","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.01.008","article-title":"Incisional ventral hernias: review of the literature and recommendations regarding the grading and technique of repair","volume":"148","author":"Breuing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1376","article-title":"PROBAST: a tool to assess the risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies","volume":"170","author":"Wolff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k4597","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4597","article-title":"A guide to systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factor studies","volume":"364","author":"Riley","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-015-1345-x","article-title":"Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: outcomes in primary versus incisional hernias\u202f: no effect of defect closure","volume":"19","author":"Lambrecht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W1","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1377","article-title":"PROBAST: a tool to assess risk of bias and applicability of prediction model studies: explanation and elaboration","volume":"170","author":"Moons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1080\/11024150152717706","article-title":"Factors that affect recurrence after incisional herniorrhaphy with prosthetic material","volume":"167","author":"Rios","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-006-0097-z","article-title":"Factors affecting recurrence after incisional hernia repair","volume":"10","author":"Vidovi\u0107","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-004-0265-y","article-title":"Prognosis factors in incisional hernia surgery: 25 years of experience","volume":"9","author":"Langer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0b013e31819cb04b","article-title":"Predictors of recurrence after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair","volume":"19","author":"Bencini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.142.6.562","article-title":"Long-term outcomes in laparoscopic vs open ventral hernia repair","volume":"142","author":"Bingener","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0554-2","article-title":"Laparoscopic versus open ventral hernia mesh repair: a prospective study","volume":"20","author":"Lomanto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Endosc Other Interv Tech"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4984-9","article-title":"Outcomes of bridging versus mesh augmentation in laparoscopic repair of small and medium midline ventral hernias","volume":"31","author":"Mitura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.15217","article-title":"Long-term recurrence and complications associated with elective incisional hernia repair","volume":"316","author":"Kokotovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2016.07.042","article-title":"Analysis of model development strategies: predicting ventral hernia recurrence","volume":"206","author":"Holihan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2012.10.013","article-title":"Nationwide prospective study of outcomes after elective incisional hernia repair","volume":"216","author":"Helgstrand","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350608325231","article-title":"Bone anchor mesh fixation for complex laparoscopic ventral hernia repair","volume":"15","author":"Yee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16846","article-title":"Association between patient-reported frailty and non-home discharge among older adults undergoing surgery","volume":"68","author":"Sokas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2015.04.026","article-title":"Adverse events after ventral hernia repair: the vicious cycle of complications","volume":"221","author":"Holihan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200301000-00018","article-title":"Have outcomes of incisional hernia repair improved with time? A population-based analysis","volume":"237","author":"Flum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2012.179","article-title":"Identifying risk factors for surgical site complications after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: evaluation of the Ventral Hernia Working Group grading system","volume":"15","author":"Brahmbhatt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg Infect"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481408000221","article-title":"Recurrence and pseudorecurrence after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: predictors and patient-focused outcomes","volume":"80","author":"Carter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.01.025","article-title":"A retrospective study evaluating the use of Permacol\u2122 surgical implant in incisional and ventral hernia repair","volume":"12","author":"Chand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.01.026","article-title":"Mesh choice in ventral hernia repair: so many choices, so little time","volume":"205","author":"Le","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000141193.08524.e7","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of suture versus mesh repair of incisional hernia","volume":"240","author":"Burger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2015.124","article-title":"Component separation vs. bridged repair for large ventral hernias: a multi-institutional risk-adjusted comparison, systematic review, and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Holihan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Infect (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2016.04.041","article-title":"Comparative analysis of biologic versus synthetic mesh outcomes in contaminated hernia repairs","volume":"160","author":"Majumder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13609","article-title":"Complex abdominal wall reconstruction in the setting of active infection and contamination: a systematic review of hernia and fistula recurrence rates","volume":"19","author":"Hodgkinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11400","article-title":"International classification of abdominal wall planes (ICAP) to describe mesh insertion for ventral hernia repair","volume":"107","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.08.030","article-title":"Meta-analysis of sublay versus onlay mesh repair in incisional hernia surgery","volume":"207","author":"Timmermans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182a4c393","article-title":"Does mesh location matter in abdominal wall reconstruction? A systematic review of the literature and a summary of recommendations","volume":"132","author":"Albino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2015.12.014","article-title":"Sublay versus underlay in open ventral hernia repair","volume":"202","author":"Holihan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s10029-006-0084-4","article-title":"Incisional hernia repair in Sweden 2002","volume":"10","author":"Israelsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hernia"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W1","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0698","article-title":"Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): explanation and elaboration","volume":"162","author":"Moons","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023020209523154300_zraa071-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0697","article-title":"Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"162","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BJS Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjsopen\/article-pdf\/5\/2\/zraa071\/49050294\/zraa071.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjsopen\/article-pdf\/5\/2\/zraa071\/49050294\/zraa071.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T10:49:45Z","timestamp":1675334985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjsopen\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/bjsopen\/zraa071\/6220253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjsopen\/zraa071","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-9842"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2474-9842","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"article-number":"zraa071"}}