{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:05:25Z","timestamp":1791223525344,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Pro profil Gesellschaft f\u00fcr individuelles Karrieremanagement mbH"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute type 3b injuries of the hamstring muscle complex (HMC) are prevalent in sports, often lead to prolonged recovery, and demonstrate a high recurrence. Conservative rehabilitation is standard, and adjunct therapies such as radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) may offer additional benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sources of data<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized controlled trial, with blinding of patients and assessors, included 36 semi-professional athletes with ultrasound-confirmed acute type 3b HMC injuries. Participants received either real or sham rESWT in combination with an 8-week structured rehabilitation program. The primary outcome was time to return to sport; secondary outcomes included post-treatment muscle strength, patient satisfaction, and re-injury rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of agreement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progressive rehabilitation is effective for muscle injuries. rESWT is a safe, non-invasive modality with high therapeutic potential in musculoskeletal conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of controversy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Questions remain regarding the ideal rESWT protocol for acute muscle injuries, including optimal dosing, frequency, and timing relative to injury onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Growing points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The addition of rESWT resulted in a statistically significant reduction in return-to-sport time [25.4\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5 (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) days with rESWT vs 28.3\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5\u00a0days with sham rESWT; P\u2009=\u2009.037]. In elite and semi-professional athletes, even modest reductions in downtime can carry meaningful performance and economic benefits. Furthermore, only the rESWT group avoided strength deficits in the previously injured leg, suggesting improved functional recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas timely for developing research<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future studies should explore the comparative effectiveness of individualized versus standardized rESWT protocols and investigate its broader applicability across sports disciplines and levels of play.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldaf009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T11:41:02Z","timestamp":1754998862000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Radial ESWT combined with a specific rehabilitation program (rESWT+RP) is more effective than sham rESWT+RP for acute hamstring muscle complex injury type 3b: a randomized, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9471-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Crupnik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KinEf Sports Physiotherapy Center , Av. Cabildo 808 2\u00b0C, C1026 Cdad. Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]},{"name":"Physiotherapy School Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Abierta Interamericana , Chacabuco 90, C1069 Cdad. Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Silveti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KinEf Sports Physiotherapy Center , Av. Cabildo 808 2\u00b0C, C1026 Cdad. Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Wajnstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KinEf Sports Physiotherapy Center , Av. Cabildo 808 2\u00b0C, C1026 Cdad. Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Rolon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaxe Diagnostic Imaging Center , Av. C\u00f3rdoba 2340, C1120 Cdad. Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9353-8501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Wuerfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extracorporeal Shock Wave Research Unit, Chair of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , Pettenkoferstr. 11, 80336 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Sports Orthopaedics, Technical University of Munich , Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6493-2216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Stiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Medworks Clinic , Neuburger Str. 11, 86167 Augsburg 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Psychology, University La Sapienza , Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Via Giorgio Nicola Papanicolau s.n.c., 00189 Roma ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele University Faculty of Medicine , Hornbeam Building, Keele ST5 5BG,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4065-1241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Extracorporeal Shock Wave Research Unit, Chair of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich , Pettenkoferstr. 11, 80336 Munich 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