{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:34:44Z","timestamp":1789468484361,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction or background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physiological tremor is a low-amplitude, high-frequency oscillation of body segments influenced by both mechanical and neurogenic factors. Its modulation by physical exertion has emerged as a potential indicator of neuromuscular fatigue in healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sources of data<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic search across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus) in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Twenty-eight experimental studies involving healthy adults and reporting tremor outcomes post-exertion were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of agreement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of studies (68%) reported increased tremor amplitude following resistance-based or fatiguing exercise, aligning with models of neuromuscular fatigue. Accelerometry and surface electromyography were the most common measurement methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of controversy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tremor frequency changes were inconsistently reported, with only 46% of studies documenting downward shifts. Few studies reported test\u2013retest reliability or recovery dynamics, and significant heterogeneity was observed in measurement timing and spectral analysis protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Growing points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is increasing interest in using physiological tremor as a biomarker of neuromuscular strain. Emerging methods such as empirical mode decomposition and video-microscopy offer promise but remain underutilized and poorly validated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas timely for developing research<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future studies should adopt standardized tremor measurement protocols, including frequency band targeting (e.g. 6\u201312\u00a0Hz), validated analytical pipelines, and consistent timing of data acquisition. There is a critical need for research in diverse populations and contexts, such as female athletes, older adults, and sport-specific exertion models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldaf022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T12:25:14Z","timestamp":1763382314000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physiological limb tremor modulation by physical exertion: a systematic review and meta-analysis in healthy adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0810-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szymon","family":"Kuli\u015b","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation , J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, ul. 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