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This review examines the application and impact of dog-assisted interventions (DAIs) in healthcare contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sources of data<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A narrative review of research from 2009 to 2025 was conducted utilizing multidisciplinary databases, including, PubMed, MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, ProQuest One Business, and Scopus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of agreement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DAIs have been shown to reduce loneliness, depression, low mood, and anxiety in hospitalized patients; lessen pain perception and improve perceptions of healthcare in children; and reduce burnout, stress, and anxiety among healthcare professionals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of controversy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The increasing use of DAIs in healthcare points to potential benefits, but more high-quality research is required. Research has generally overlooked differing attitudes toward dogs in clinical settings and given little consideration to the animals\u2019 own health, welfare, and ethical treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Growing points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DAIs may be beneficial, even when brief, with potential to reduce anxiety and strain and enhance job satisfaction, restoration, and reflective practice among healthcare professionals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas timely for developing research<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future research should establish causal relationships, recruit balanced samples, incorporate biometric, psychological, and social measures and critically evaluate existing dog visitation programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldag005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T12:31:41Z","timestamp":1768653101000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of dogs on human health in healthcare contexts: a review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"157","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8960-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloise","family":"Warrilow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Birkbeck Business School, Clore Management Centre, Torrington Square, Birkbeck University of London , London WC1E 7JL ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0130-1708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gail","family":"Kinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birkbeck Business School, Clore Management Centre, Torrington Square, Birkbeck University of London , London WC1E 7JL ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2021.151488","article-title":"The effect of hospitalization on patients\u2019 emotional and psychological well-being among adult patients: an integrative review","volume":"61","author":"Alzahrani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0282789","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282789","article-title":"In-hospital stress and patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Ford","year":"2023","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-016-0209-5","article-title":"Measuring compassion in healthcare: a comprehensive and critical review","volume":"10","author":"Sinclair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Patient."},{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/24694193.2021.1876786","article-title":"An exploration of the child\u2019s experience of staying in hospital from the perspectives of children and children\u2019s nurses using child-centered methodology","volume":"45","author":"Clarke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compr Child Adolesc Nurs"},{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/13674935221078060","article-title":"Children\u2019s experiences of stress and coping during hospitalization: a mixed-methods examination","volume":"27","author":"Claridge","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Child Health Care"},{"key":"2026020210015571200_ref6","volume-title":"What Could Make a Difference to the Mental Health of UK Doctors? 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