{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:07:59Z","timestamp":1792022879164,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The accurate and safe assessment of physiological parameters, such as the highest oxygen consumption (V\u0307O2peak) and the lactate threshold (LT), plays a crucial role in optimizing training intensity and monitoring long-term progress, ensuring the safety of the trainees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sources of data<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained during tests performed by 28 recreationally active young adults with varying levels and types of training. These individuals underwent a modified incremental \u00c5strand protocol for a treadmill test to exhaustion, during which their V\u0307O2peak and lactate threshold (Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation method) were directly assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of agreement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tests to exhaustion are considered valid methods for directly measuring V\u0307O2peak and determining LT. However, the direct assessment of V\u0307O2peak and LT requires specific equipment and raises various practical issues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas of controversy<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Indirect methods for estimating of V\u0307O2peak and lactate threshold are simpler to use, but these methods are often difficult to generalize or have a high margin of error from the many variables that can affect a subject\u2019s V\u0307O2peak and lactate threshold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Growing points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results enable estimation of V\u0307O2peak and LT in apparently healthy young adults engaged in regular physical activity, regardless of their specific training backgrounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Areas timely for developing research<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Future research should focus on developing more precise field-based methods for estimating V\u0307O2peak and lactate threshold, with lactate threshold presenting particular challenges due to the need for blood sampling equipment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldag006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:50:44Z","timestamp":1768481444000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Estimation of V\u0307O2peak and lactate threshold in recreationally active persons through new equations for a modified \u00c5strand\u2019s maximal incremental treadmill test"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"157","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4547-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enzo","family":"Iuliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied 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