{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:24:32Z","timestamp":1785414272593,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldx027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,24]],"date-time":"2017-07-24T19:12:18Z","timestamp":1500923538000},"page":"103-114","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Abnormal uterine bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain T.","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary O. D.","family":"Critchley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)11159-0","article-title":"Nuisance or natural and healthy: should monthly menstruation be optional for women","volume":"355","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.11.011","article-title":"FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age","volume":"113","author":"Disorders FWGoM","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.079","article-title":"The FIGO classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years","volume":"95","author":"Group FMDW","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.023","article-title":"A process designed to lead to international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding","volume":"87","author":"Writing Group for this Menstrual Agreement P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C5","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del478","article-title":"Can we achieve international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding","volume":"22","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.016","article-title":"Menorrhagia II: is the 80-mL blood loss criterion useful in management of complaint of menorrhagia","volume":"190","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3109\/00016346609158455","article-title":"Menstrual blood loss \u2013 a population study. Variation at different ages and attempts to define normality","volume":"45","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C9","author":"Royal College of Obstetrician and Gynaecologist","year":"2016"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C10","first-page":"33","article-title":"Recent advances in managing and understanding menstrual disorders","volume":"7","year":"2015","journal-title":"F1000Prime Rep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-3188(98)70101-9","article-title":"Menorrhagia in adolescents requiring hospitalization","volume":"11","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2009.02.003","article-title":"Practice guideline: evaluation and management of abnormal vaginal bleeding in adolescents","volume":"23","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr Health Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C13","first-page":"359","article-title":"An epidemiological survey of symptoms of menstrual loss in the community","volume":"54","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C14"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-13-491","article-title":"The delivery of heavy menstrual bleeding services in England and Wales after publication of national guidelines: a survey of hospitals","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2007.03.012","article-title":"Epidemiology of abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"21","year":"2007","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31817ee0c2","article-title":"Atypical estradiol secretion and ovulation patterns caused by luteal out-of-phase (LOOP) events underlying irregular ovulatory menstrual cycles in the menopausal transition","volume":"16","year":"2009","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13273","article-title":"The menstrual bleeding questionnaire: development and validation of a comprehensive patient-reported outcome instrument for heavy menstrual bleeding","volume":"122","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.015","article-title":"Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data","volume":"190","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14431","article-title":"Research and clinical management for women with abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: more than PALM-COEIN","volume":"124","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.05.035","article-title":"Hemostasis and menstruation: appropriate investigation for underlying disorders of hemostasis in women with excessive menstrual bleeding","volume":"84","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C22","first-page":"CD000329","article-title":"Endometrial resection and ablation versus hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C23"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2015.09.018","article-title":"Adenomyosis: a clinical review of a challenging gynecologic condition","volume":"23","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.2217\/WHE.15.12","article-title":"Surgical management of abnormal uterine bleeding in fertile age women","volume":"11","year":"2015","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv038","article-title":"Menstrual physiology: implications for endometrial pathology and beyond","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1287664","article-title":"Molecular and cellular causes of abnormal uterine bleeding of endometrial origin","volume":"29","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.228874","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"60","author":"British Society of G","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349409023453","article-title":"The effect of tranexamic acid on measured menstrual loss and endometrial fibrinolytic enzymes in dysfunctional uterine bleeding","volume":"73","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C30","first-page":"85","article-title":"The effects of mefenamic acid and norethisterone on measured menstrual blood loss","volume":"76","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6085.487","article-title":"Acceptability of an oral contraceptive that reduces the frequency of menstruation: the tri-cycle pill regimen","volume":"2","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000238343.62063.22","article-title":"Oral medroxyprogesterone acetate and combination oral contraceptives for acute uterine bleeding: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"108","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1204724","article-title":"Levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus medical therapy for menorrhagia","volume":"368","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(87)80019-7","article-title":"A multicentered phase III comparative clinical trial of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate given three-monthly at doses of 100 mg or 150 mg: II. The comparison of bleeding patterns. World Health Organization. Task Force on Long-Acting Systemic Agents for Fertility Regulation Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction","volume":"35","year":"1987","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C35","first-page":"720","article-title":"Treatment of leiomyomata uteri with leuprolide acetate depot: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. The Leuprolide Study Group","volume":"77","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2000.tb01334.x","article-title":"A prospective randomized study comparing endocrinological and clinical effects of two types of GnRH agonists in cases of uterine leiomyomas or endometriosis","volume":"26","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C37","first-page":"CD000547","article-title":"Pre-operative GnRH analogue therapy before hysterectomy or myomectomy for uterine fibroids","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103180","article-title":"Ulipristal acetate versus leuprolide acetate for uterine fibroids","volume":"366","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.10.038","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of repeated use of ulipristal acetate in uterine fibroids","volume":"103","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem026","article-title":"The effects of the selective progesterone receptor modulator asoprisnil on the morphology of uterine tissues after 3 months treatment in patients with symptomatic uterine leiomyomata","volume":"22","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3283478839","article-title":"Surgical methods in the treatment of congenital anomalies of the uterine cervix","volume":"23","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2015.06.005","article-title":"Hysteroscopy and treatment of uterine polyps","volume":"29","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e328355213a","article-title":"Update on the surgical management of adenomyosis","volume":"24","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170908050442_ldx027C44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2014.02.012","article-title":"Endometrial cancer after endometrial ablation vs medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding","volume":"21","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"}],"container-title":["British Medical Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bmb\/article-pdf\/123\/1\/103\/19719476\/ldx027.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T14:36:09Z","timestamp":1569940569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bmb\/article\/123\/1\/103\/4096455\/Abnormal-uterine-bleeding"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/ldx027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1420","1471-8391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1420","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-8391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]]}}}