{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T19:21:48Z","timestamp":1780082508499,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Intramural Research Programs"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008460","name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008460","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001595","name":"Dystonia Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Humans have a distinguishing ability for fine motor control that is subserved by a highly evolved cortico-motor neuronal network. The acquisition of a particular motor skill involves a long series of practice movements, trial and error, adjustment and refinement. At the cortical level, this acquisition begins in the parieto-temporal sensory regions and is subsequently consolidated and stratified in the premotor-motor cortex. Task-specific dystonia can be viewed as a corruption or loss of motor control confined to a single motor skill. Using a multimodal experimental approach combining neuroimaging and non-invasive brain stimulation, we explored interactions between the principal nodes of the fine motor control network in patients with writer\u2019s cramp and healthy matched controls. Patients and healthy volunteers underwent clinical assessment, diffusion-weighted MRI for tractography, and functional MRI during a finger tapping task. Activation maps from the task-functional MRI scans were used for target selection and neuro-navigation of the transcranial magnetic stimulation. Single- and double-pulse TMS evaluation included measurement of the input-output recruitment curve, cortical silent period, and amplitude of the motor evoked potentials conditioned by cortico-cortical interactions between premotor ventral (PMv)-motor cortex (M1), anterior inferior parietal lobule (aIPL)-M1, and dorsal inferior parietal lobule (dIPL)-M1 before and after inducing a long term depression-like plastic change to dIPL node with continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation in a randomized, sham-controlled design. Baseline dIPL-M1 and aIPL-M1 cortico-cortical interactions were facilitatory and inhibitory, respectively, in healthy volunteers, whereas the interactions were converse and significantly different in writer\u2019s cramp. Baseline PMv-M1 interactions were inhibitory and similar between the groups. The dIPL-PMv resting state functional connectivity was increased in patients compared to controls, but no differences in structural connectivity between the nodes were observed. Cortical silent period was significantly prolonged in writer\u2019s cramp. Making a long term depression-like plastic change to dIPL node transformed the aIPL-M1 interaction to inhibitory (similar to healthy volunteers) and cancelled the PMv-M1 inhibition only in the writer\u2019s cramp group. These findings suggest that the parietal multimodal sensory association region could have an aberrant downstream influence on the fine motor control network in writer\u2019s cramp, which could be artificially restored to its normal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T19:14:13Z","timestamp":1586891653000},"page":"1766-1779","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["The role of the inferior parietal lobule in writer\u2019s cramp"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1718-3961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shabbir Hussain I","family":"Merchant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Frangos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Bradson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianxia","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Vial-Undurraga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Cl\u00ednica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Leodori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M C","family":"Bushnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvina G","family":"Horovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Hallett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1160-4830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Traian","family":"Popa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics (CNP) and Brain Mind Institute (BMI), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Valais (EPFL Valais), Clinique Romande de R\u00e9adaptation, 1951 Sion, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25475","article-title":"Phenomenology and classification of dystonia: a consensus update\u2019","volume":"28","author":"Albanese","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1843","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007317","article-title":"Top-down alteration of functional connectivity within the sensorimotor network in focal dystonia\u2019","volume":"92","author":"Battistella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B3","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Isolated focal dystonia as a disorder of large-scale functional networks","volume":"27","author":"Battistella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.07.035","article-title":"Inhibitory and facilitatory connectivity from ventral premotor to primary motor cortex in healthy humans at rest\u2013a bifocal TMS study","volume":"120","author":"Baumer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27649","article-title":"Functional and structural neural bases of task specificity in isolated focal dystonia","volume":"34","author":"Bianchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp200","article-title":"Ventral premotor and inferior parietal cortices make distinct contribution to action organization and intention understanding","volume":"20","author":"Bonini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01158.2011","article-title":"Selectivity for grip type and action goal in macaque inferior parietal and ventral premotor grasping neurons","volume":"108","author":"Bonini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B8","first-page":"55","article-title":"Lasting effects of repeated rTMS application in focal hand dystonia","volume":"27","author":"Borich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00198-2","article-title":"Polymodal motion processing in posterior parietal and premotor cortex: a human fMRI study strongly implies equivalencies between humans and monkeys","volume":"29","author":"Bremmer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B10","first-page":"1713","article-title":"Cortical and subcortical connections of parietal and premotor nodes of the monkey hand mirror neuron network","volume":"223","author":"Bruni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.1.73","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a rating scale for the primary torsion dystonias","volume":"35","author":"Burke","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00640","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.640","article-title":"White matter connections of the inferior parietal lobule: a study of surgical anatomy","volume":"7","author":"Burks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135; author reply 35","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.7.1135-a","article-title":"Prolonged cortical silent period after transcranial magnetic stimulation in generalized epilepsy","volume":"58","author":"Cantello","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs048","article-title":"Organization of the human inferior parietal lobule based on receptor architectonics","volume":"23","author":"Caspers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01026.2002","article-title":"Facilitation from ventral premotor cortex of primary motor cortex outputs to macaque hand muscles","volume":"90","author":"Cerri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00088","article-title":"Evaluation of the cortical silent period of the laryngeal motor cortex in healthy individuals","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.4.1054","article-title":"Impaired inhibition in writer\u2019s cramp during voluntary muscle activation","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050005","article-title":"Cutaneomotor integration in humans is somatotopically organized at various levels of the nervous system and is task dependent","volume":"130","author":"Classen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.1.130","article-title":"Shortened cortical silent period in facial muscles of patients with cranial dystonia","volume":"54","author":"Curra","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.152603","article-title":"Selective modulation of interactions between ventral premotor cortex and primary motor cortex during precision grasping in humans","volume":"586","author":"Davare","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2017.00035","article-title":"Modulation of speech motor learning with transcranial direct current stimulation of the inferior parietal lobe","volume":"11","author":"Deroche","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B22","volume-title":"Die cytoarchitektonik der hirnrinde des erwachsenen menschen","author":"Economo","year":"1925"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1684\/j.1950-6945.2000.tb00373.x","article-title":"Cortical silent period following transcranial magnetic stimulation in epileptic patients","volume":"2","author":"Ertas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(98)00047-1","article-title":"Modeling parietal-premotor interactions in primate control of grasping","volume":"11","author":"Fagg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4363","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23315","article-title":"Impairment of a parieto-premotor network specialized for handwriting in writer\u2019s cramp","volume":"37","author":"Gallea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.2.1092","article-title":"Dorsal premotor cortex and conditional movement selection: a PET functional mapping study","volume":"79","author":"Grafton","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.08.025","article-title":"Neurophysiology of dystonia: the role of inhibition","volume":"42","author":"Hallett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.03.004","article-title":"The motor engram as a dynamic change of the cortical network during early sequence learning: An fMRI study","volume":"153","author":"Hamano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci Res"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07960.x","article-title":"The differential modulation of the ventral premotor-motor interaction during movement initiation is deficient in patients with focal hand dystonia","volume":"35","author":"Houdayer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033","article-title":"Theta burst stimulation of the human motor cortex","volume":"45","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt147","article-title":"Defective cerebellar control of cortical plasticity in writer\u2019s cramp","volume":"136","author":"Hubsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229631","article-title":"Effects of diazepam, baclofen and thiopental on the silent period evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation in humans\u2019","volume":"109","author":"Inghilleri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B133"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.004","article-title":"Different roles of lateral anterior temporal lobe and inferior parietal lobule in coding function and manipulation tool knowledge: evidence from an rTMS study","volume":"49","author":"Ishibashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-316250","article-title":"Pathogenesis of dystonia: is it of cerebellar or basal ganglia origin?","volume":"89","author":"Kaji","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01049.2011","article-title":"Timing-dependent modulation of the posterior parietal cortex-primary motor cortex pathway by sensorimotor training","volume":"107","author":"Karabanov","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.08.002","article-title":"Mapping different intra-hemispheric parietal-motor networks using twin Coil TMS","volume":"6","author":"Karabanov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00385","article-title":"Mixed effectiveness of rTMS and retraining in the treatment of focal hand dystonia","volume":"9","author":"Kimberley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5944","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0957-08.2008","article-title":"Functional interplay between posterior parietal and ipsilateral motor cortex revealed by twin-coil transcranial magnetic stimulation during reach planning toward contralateral space","volume":"28","author":"Koch","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22180","article-title":"Task and task-free FMRI reproducibility comparison for motor network identification","volume":"35","author":"Kristo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125547","article-title":"Descending pathways in motor control","volume":"31","author":"Lemon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2007.039081","article-title":"An enduring map of the motor cortex","volume":"93","author":"Lemon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.02.004","article-title":"Three-dimensional locations and boundaries of motor and premotor cortices as defined by functional brain imaging: a meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Mayka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e356","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu322","article-title":"Reply: A single session of cerebellar theta burst stimulation does not alter writing performance in writer\u2019s cramp","volume":"138","author":"Meunier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh315","article-title":"Subthreshold low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the premotor cortex modulates writer\u2019s cramp","volume":"128","author":"Murase","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.12.003","article-title":"Convergent evidence for abnormal striatal synaptic plasticity in dystonia","volume":"37","author":"Peterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B4492500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/RMR.0b013e31821e56f8","article-title":"Quantitative Brain MRI","volume":"21","author":"Pierpaoli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Top Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00170","article-title":"Research priorities in limb and task-specific dystonias","volume":"8","author":"Pirio Richardson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.2.317","article-title":"Motor cortical inhibition and the dopaminergic system. Pharmacological changes in the silent period after transcranial brain stimulation in normal subjects, patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and drug-induced parkinsonism","volume":"117 (Pt 2","author":"Priori","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25532","article-title":"Emerging concepts in the physiological basis of dystonia","volume":"28","author":"Quartarone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00423-8","article-title":"The cortical motor system","volume":"31","author":"Rizzolatti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.10.018","article-title":"Motor systems","volume":"15","author":"Rizzolatti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06395.x","article-title":"Functional organization of inferior parietal lobule convexity in the macaque monkey: electrophysiological characterization of motor, sensory and mirror responses and their correlation with cytoarchitectonic areas","volume":"28","author":"Rozzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.016","article-title":"Suma","volume":"62","author":"Saad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311298","article-title":"Task-specific dystonia: pathophysiology and management","volume":"87","author":"Sadnicka","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.146","article-title":"A unifying motor control framework for task-specific dystonia","volume":"14","author":"Sadnicka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.12.005","article-title":"Factors influencing cortical silent period: optimized stimulus location, intensity and muscle contraction","volume":"169","author":"Saisanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.15278.024","article-title":"\u2018Object vision to hand action in macaque parietal, premotor, and motor cortices","author":"Schaffelhofer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-016-0825-6","article-title":"Current opinions and areas of consensus on the role of the cerebellum in dystonia","volume":"16","author":"Shakkottai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4731-03.2004","article-title":"Macaque ventral premotor cortex exerts powerful facilitation of motor cortex outputs to upper limb motoneurons","volume":"24","author":"Shimazu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420","article-title":"Intraclass correlations - uses in assessing rater reliability","volume":"86","author":"Shrout","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B60","first-page":"265","article-title":"Has repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor hand area a therapeutic application in writer\u2019s cramp?","volume":"51","author":"Siebner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2013.0154","article-title":"FATCAT: (an efficient) Functional and Tractographic Connectivity Analysis Toolbox","volume":"3","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Connect"},{"key":"2020061607534212300_awaa138-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.04.072","article-title":"Efficacy and time course of paired associative stimulation in cortical plasticity: implications for neuropsychiatry","volume":"127","author":"Wischnewski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/143\/6\/1766\/33393326\/awaa138.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/143\/6\/1766\/33393326\/awaa138.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,3]],"date-time":"2024-08-03T23:56:09Z","timestamp":1722729369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/143\/6\/1766\/5840768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awaa138","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]}}}