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McDonnell Foundation Scholar Award 2013","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03dy4aq19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Belgian National Funds for Scientific Research"},{"name":"Fondazione Europea di Ricerca Biomedica"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005032","name":"BIAL Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Foundation Roi Baudouin"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The functional consequences of focal brain injury are thought to be contingent on neuronal alterations extending beyond the area of structural damage. This phenomenon, also known as diaschisis, has clinical and metabolic correlates but lacks a clear electrophysiological counterpart, except for the long-standing evidence of a relative EEG slowing over the injured hemisphere. Here, we aim at testing whether this EEG slowing is linked to the pathological intrusion of sleep-like cortical dynamics within an awake brain. We used a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS\/EEG) to study cortical reactivity in a cohort of 30 conscious awake patients with chronic focal and multifocal brain injuries of ischaemic, haemorrhagic and traumatic aetiology. We found that different patterns of cortical reactivity typically associated with different brain states (coma, sleep, wakefulness) can coexist within the same brain. Specifically, we detected the occurrence of prominent sleep-like TMS-evoked slow waves and off-periods\u2014reflecting transient suppressions of neuronal activity\u2014in the area surrounding focal cortical injuries. These perilesional sleep-like responses were associated with a local disruption of signal complexity whereas complex responses typical of the awake brain were present when stimulating the contralesional hemisphere. These results shed light on the electrophysiological properties of the tissue surrounding focal brain injuries in humans. Perilesional sleep-like off-periods can disrupt network activity but are potentially reversible, thus representing a principled read-out for the neurophysiological assessment of stroke patients, as well as an interesting target for rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T15:23:41Z","timestamp":1600356221000},"page":"3672-3684","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Local sleep-like cortical reactivity in the awake brain after focal injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"143","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9984-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Sarasso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"D\u2019Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St. Peter, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Fecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Casarotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche \u201cL. Sacco\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Landi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Europea per la Ricerca Biomedica Onlus, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2042-8947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Mattavelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NETS, Scuola universitaria superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Gosseries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coma Science Group, University and University Hospital of Liege, GIGA-Consciousness, 4000 Liege, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Quarenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 Operativa Radiologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Vizzolo P -Risonanza Magnetica- ASST Melegnano e Martesana, Vizzolo Predabissi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Laureys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coma Science Group, University and University Hospital of Liege, GIGA-Consciousness, 4000 Liege, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guya","family":"Devalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rosanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche \u201cL. 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