{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:52:42Z","timestamp":1792144362667,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["GR201302355724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR201302355724"]}]},{"name":"Brain Research Foundation Verona"},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF 2013-02354884"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF 2013-02354884"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is an early-stage \u03b1-synucleinopathy in most, if not all, affected subjects. Detection of pathological \u03b1-synuclein in peripheral tissues of patients with isolated RBD may identify those progressing to Parkinson\u2019s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies or multiple system atrophy, with the ultimate goal of testing preventive therapies. Real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) provided evidence of \u03b1-synuclein seeding activity in CSF and olfactory mucosa of patients with \u03b1-synucleinopathies. The aim of this study was to explore RT-QuIC detection of \u03b1-synuclein aggregates in olfactory mucosa of a large cohort of subjects with isolated RBD compared to patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and control subjects. This cross-sectional case-control study was performed at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, the Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain, and the University of Verona, Italy. Olfactory mucosa samples obtained by nasal swab in 63 patients with isolated RBD, 41 matched Parkinson\u2019s disease patients and 59 matched control subjects were analysed by \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC in a blinded fashion at the University of Verona, Italy. Median age of patients with isolated RBD was 70 years, 85.7% were male. All participants were tested for smell, autonomic, cognitive and motor functions. Olfactory mucosa was \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC positive in 44.4% isolated RBD patients, 46.3% Parkinson\u2019s disease patients and 10.2% control subjects. While the sensitivity for isolated RBD plus Parkinson\u2019s disease versus controls was 45.2%, specificity was high (89.8%). Among isolated RBD patients with positive \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC, 78.6% had olfactory dysfunction compared to 21.4% with negative \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). The extent of olfactory dysfunction was more severe in isolated RBD patients positive than negative for olfactory mucosa a-synuclein RT-QuIC (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). We provide evidence that the \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC assay enables the molecular detection of neuronal \u03b1-synuclein aggregates in olfactory mucosa of patients with isolated RBD and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Although the overall sensitivity was moderate in this study, nasal swabbing is attractive as a simple, non-invasive test and might be useful as part of a screening battery to identify subjects in the prodromal stages of \u03b1-synucleinopathies. Further studies are needed to enhance sensitivity, and better understand the temporal dynamics of \u03b1-synuclein seeding in the olfactory mucosa and spreading to other brain areas during the progression from isolated RBD to overt \u03b1-synucleinopathy, as well the impact of timing, disease subgroups and sampling technique on the overall sensitivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T13:56:53Z","timestamp":1610114213000},"page":"1118-1126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Alpha-synuclein seeds in olfactory mucosa of patients with isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Ambra","family":"Stefani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Iranzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evi","family":"Holzknecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Perra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Bongianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"Gaig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Heim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Serradell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Sacchetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Capaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biocrystallography Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almudena","family":"S\u00e1nchez-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Paola","family":"Cecchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mariotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Fiorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Schmutzhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Cocchiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4399-5522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Vilaseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER-RES, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Brozzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Jose Marti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Seppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Tolosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Santamaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"H\u00f6gl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Poewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5199-6264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Zanusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the SINBAR (Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona) group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B1"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70056-5","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disease status and postmortem pathology in idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: An observational cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Iranzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.10.009","article-title":"Delayed emergence of a parkinsonian disorder or dementia in 81% of older men initially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a 16-year update on a previously reported series","volume":"14","author":"Schenck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.157","article-title":"Idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder and neurodegeneration - an update","volume":"14","author":"H\u00f6gl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002126","article-title":"Enteric nervous system \u03b1-synuclein immunoreactivity in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder","volume":"85","author":"Sprenger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2018.08.003","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein aggregates in the parotid gland of idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder","volume":"52","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Arcos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B7","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein aggregates in labial salivary glands of idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder","volume":"41","author":"Iranzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B8","first-page":"708","author":"Vilas"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003989","article-title":"Skin nerve phosphorylated \u03b1-synuclein deposits in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder","volume":"88","author":"Antelmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1684-z","article-title":"Dermal phospho-alpha-synuclein deposits confirm REM sleep behaviour disorder as prodromal Parkinson's disease","volume":"133","author":"Doppler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-181434","article-title":"Systemic synuclein sampling study. Feasibility and safety of multicenter tissue and biofluid sampling for \u03b1-synuclein in Parkinson's disease: the systemic synuclein sampling study (S4)","volume":"8","author":"Chahine","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12486","article-title":"Detection of alpha-synuclein conformational variants from gastro-intestinal biopsy tissue as a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease","volume":"44","author":"Ruffmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-019-0164-x","article-title":"Efficient RT-QuIC seeding activity for \u03b1-synuclein in olfactory mucosa samples of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"8","author":"De Luca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.338","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC in the CSF of patients with alpha-synucleinopathies","volume":"3","author":"Fairfoul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.772","article-title":"Barcelona LRRK2 Study Group. \u03b1-synuclein RT-QuIC in cerebrospinal fluid of LRRK2-linked Parkinson's disease","volume":"6","author":"Garrido","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001265","article-title":"Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona Group. Olfactory dysfunction predicts early transition to a Lewy body disease in idiopathic RBD","volume":"84","author":"Mahlknecht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(02)00065-9","article-title":"Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease","volume":"24","author":"Braak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2016.12.013","article-title":"The olfactory bulb as the entry site for prion-like propagation in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"109","author":"Rey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","article-title":"MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-5248-1","article-title":"Updated Sniffin\u2019 Sticks normative data based in an extended sample of 9139 subjects","volume":"276","author":"Oleszkiewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B21","author":"Doty","year":"1995","edition":"3rd edn"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340","article-title":"Movement disorder society UPDRS revision task force. Movement disorder society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results","volume":"23","author":"Goetz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20153","article-title":"Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: the SCOPA-AUT","volume":"19","author":"Visser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","article-title":"The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment","volume":"53","author":"Nasreddine","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25037","article-title":"A single-question screen for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a multicenter validation study","volume":"27","author":"Postuma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.09.023","article-title":"Equating scores of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test and Sniffin' Sticks test in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"33","author":"Lawton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27802","article-title":"MDS task force on the definition of Parkinson's disease. Update of the MDS research criteria for prodromal Parkinson's disease","volume":"34","author":"Heinzel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.4614","article-title":"Diagnosis of human prion disease using real-time quaking-induced conversion testing of olfactory mucosa and cerebrospinal fluid samples","volume":"74","author":"Bongianni","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00145","article-title":"Neurodegeneration-associated proteins in human olfactory neurons collected by nasal brushing","volume":"14","author":"Brozzetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50897","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein RT-QuIC assay in CSF of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"6","author":"Bongianni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0508-2","article-title":"Rapid and ultra-sensitive quantitation of disease-associated \u03b1-synuclein seeds in brain and cerebrospinal fluid by \u03b1Syn RT-QuIC","volume":"6","author":"Groveman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-019-0626-2","article-title":"Transmission studies of chronic wasting disease to transgenic mice overexpressing human prion protein using the RT-QuIC assay","volume":"50","author":"Race","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13939","article-title":"Abnormal \u03b1-synuclein deposits in skin nerves: intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility","volume":"26","author":"Donadio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21910","article-title":"Olfactory epithelium amyloid-beta and paired helical filament-tau pathology in Alzheimer disease","volume":"67","author":"Arnold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26463","article-title":"Lewy body pathology involves the olfactory cells in Parkinson's disease and related disorders","volume":"31","author":"Saito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0538-8","article-title":"Unified staging system for Lewy body disorders: correlation with nigrostriatal degeneration, cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction","volume":"117","author":"Beach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.6.745","article-title":"The relevance of the Lewy body to the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"51","author":"Gibb","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25447","article-title":"Verbeek MM. \u03b1-Synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion in the cerebrospinal fluid of uncertain cases of parkinsonism","volume":"85","author":"van Rumund","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2021070719470855100_awab005-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22464","article-title":"Biopsies of olfactory epithelium in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"24","author":"Witt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/awab005\/37061822\/awab005.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/144\/4\/1118\/37903304\/awab005.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/144\/4\/1118\/37903304\/awab005.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T17:24:59Z","timestamp":1625678699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/144\/4\/1118\/6225983"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awab005","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.08.04.20168328","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}}}