{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:45:07Z","timestamp":1792511107269,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"CDMRP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PT100024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PT100024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical practice guidelines support cognitive rehabilitation for people with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and cognitive impairment, but no class I randomized clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy of self-administered computerized cognitive training. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a self-administered computerized plasticity-based cognitive training programmes in primarily military\/veteran participants with a history of mTBI and cognitive impairment. A multisite randomized double-blind clinical trial of a behavioural intervention with an active control was conducted from September 2013 to February 2017 including assessments at baseline, post-training, and after a 3-month follow-up period. Participants self-administered cognitive training (experimental and active control) programmes at home, remotely supervised by a healthcare coach, with an intended training schedule of 5\u2009days per week, 1\u2009h per day, for 13\u2009weeks. Participants (149 contacted, 83 intent-to-treat) were confirmed to have a history of mTBI (mean of 7.2\u2009years post-injury) through medical history\/clinician interview and persistent cognitive impairment through neuropsychological testing and\/or quantitative participant reported measure. The experimental intervention was a brain plasticity-based computerized cognitive training programme targeting speed\/accuracy of information processing, and the active control was composed of computer games. The primary cognitive function measure was a composite of nine standardized neuropsychological assessments, and the primary directly observed functional measure a timed instrumental activities of daily living assessment. Secondary outcome measures included participant-reported assessments of cognitive and mental health. The treatment group showed an improvement in the composite cognitive measure significantly larger than that of the active control group at both the post-training [+6.9 points, confidence interval (CI) +1.0 to +12.7, P\u2009=\u20090.025, d\u2009=\u20090.555] and the follow-up visit (+7.4 points, CI +0.6 to +14.3, P\u2009=\u20090.039, d\u2009=\u20090.591). Both large and small cognitive function improvements were seen twice as frequently in the treatment group than in the active control group. No significant between-group effects were seen on other measures, including the directly-observed functional and symptom measures. Statistically equivalent improvements in both groups were seen in depressive and cognitive symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T07:21:45Z","timestamp":1622013705000},"page":"1994-2008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["A randomized clinical trial of plasticity-based cognitive training in mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Henry W","family":"Mahncke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"DeGutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary R","family":"Newsome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0795-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morris D","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System, and Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad","family":"Grills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond T. Doss Health Clinic, Schofield Barracks, Oahu, HI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis M","family":"French","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA"},{"name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine W","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah-Jane","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Posit Science Corporation, San Francisco, CA, 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