{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T03:43:25Z","timestamp":1789962205961,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&D Project"},{"name":"Korean Healthy Industry Development Institute"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"KHIDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["HU21C0053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HU21C0053"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Statins are more widely used not only for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease by blocking cholesterol biosynthesis but also for the potential neuroprotective agents during neurological disorders due to their pleiotropic effects. In this study, we investigate whether the previous use of statins affect baseline nigrostriatal dopamine loss at the time of diagnosis and longitudinal motor and cognitive outcomes in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Five hundred drug-na\u00efve patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease who underwent dopamine transporter imaging were classified into two groups according to the prior use of statins: patients with and without statin use. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine intergroup differences in dopamine transporter availability. We evaluated the longitudinal changes in levodopa-equivalent dose and dementia conversion between the groups using a linear mixed model and survival analysis, respectively. In addition, mediation analysis was applied to examine the effect of total cholesterol.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease treated with statins had a lower baseline dopamine transporter availability in the anterior (2.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55 versus 2.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67; P\u2009=\u20090.002), posterior (1.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.43 versus 1.49\u2009\u00b1\u20090.54; P\u2009=\u20090.003) and ventral putamina (1.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.39 versus 1.56\u2009\u00b1\u20090.47; P\u2009=\u20090.002) than that in matched patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease without statins. After adjusting for age at symptom onset, sex, disease duration and vascular risk factors, linear regression models showed that a previous treatment with statins remained significantly and independently associated with more severely decreased dopamine transporter availability in the anterior putamen (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.140, P\u2009=\u20090.004), posterior putamen (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.162, P\u2009=\u20090.001) and ventral putamen (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.140, P\u2009=\u20090.004). A linear mixed model revealed that patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease being treated with statins had a faster longitudinal increase in levodopa-equivalent dose than those without. A survival analysis showed that the rate of dementia conversion was significantly higher in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease with statins (hazard ratio, 2.019; 95% confidence interval, 1.108\u20133.678; P\u2009=\u20090.022) than those without. Mediation analyses revealed that the effect of statin treatment on baseline dopamine transporter availability and longitudinal outcome was not mediated by total cholesterol levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This study suggests that statin use may have a detrimental effect on baseline nigrostriatal dopamine degeneration and long-term outcomes in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T19:12:18Z","timestamp":1628017938000},"page":"3191-3200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Effects of statins on dopamine loss and prognosis in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4439-4390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong Ho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6328-6948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Sun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok Jong","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2817-3352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han Soo","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Ho","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7215-375X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoungwon","family":"Baik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young H","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil Hyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"},{"name":"Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2014.10.2.140","article-title":"Antioxidant effects of statins in patients with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease","volume":"10","author":"Moon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2014.06.007","article-title":"Statins in neurological disorders: An overview and update","volume":"88","author":"Malfitano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-017-0021-5","article-title":"The beneficial effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in the processes of neurodegeneration","volume":"32","author":"Saeedi Saravi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23329","article-title":"Simvastatin prevents neuroinflammation by inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1 in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated PC12 cells","volume":"92","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2015.1012758","article-title":"Effects of simvastatin on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of Parkinson disease","volume":"126","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05254.x","article-title":"Statins reduce neuronal alpha-synuclein aggregation in in vitro models of Parkinson's disease","volume":"105","author":"Bar-On","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"16, Pt 2","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000286942.14552.51","article-title":"Statin use and the risk of Parkinson disease","volume":"70","author":"Wahner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31829d873c","article-title":"Discontinuation of statin therapy associates with Parkinson disease: A population-based study","volume":"81","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28474","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of lovastatin in early-stage Parkinson's disease","volume":"36","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord."},{"key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00597","article-title":"Effects of higher serum lipid levels on the risk of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1006\/bmmb.1993.1016","article-title":"Decreased cholesterol biosynthesis in fibroblasts from patients with Parkinson disease","volume":"49","author":"Musanti","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Med Metab Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26152","article-title":"Statins, plasma cholesterol, and risk of Parkinson's disease: A prospective study","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27006","article-title":"Statins may facilitate Parkinson's disease: Insight gained from a large, national claims database","volume":"32","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27681","article-title":"Association of statin use with Parkinson's disease: Dose-response relationship","volume":"34","author":"Jeong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2009.03.010","article-title":"Lipid-lowering drugs are associated with delayed onset and slower course of Parkinson's disease","volume":"60","author":"Mutez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-171113","article-title":"Statins and cognition in Parkinson's disease","volume":"7","author":"Deck","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Parkinsons Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2007.08.012","article-title":"An adaptation of the Korean mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) in elderly Koreans: Demographic influence and population-based norms (the AGE study)","volume":"47","author":"Han","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab015","article-title":"Beneficial effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in diabetic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"144","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(93)90041-V","article-title":"A semiquantative rating scale for the assessment of signal hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"114","author":"Scheltens","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429","article-title":"Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson's disease","volume":"25","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2019.15.4.517","article-title":"The influence of body mass index at diagnosis on cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease","volume":"15","author":"Yoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21507","article-title":"Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease","volume":"22","author":"Emre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B23","first-page":"189","article-title":"A study on the reliability and validity of Seoul-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL)","volume":"43","author":"Gu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Kor Neuropsychiatr Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B24","first-page":"8","article-title":"The reliability and validity of the Korean Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL)","volume":"20","author":"Kang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Kor Neurol Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02","article-title":"Lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling and more. Version 0.5\u201312 (BETA)","volume":"48","author":"Rosseel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000651","article-title":"Causal mediation analysis of survival outcome with multiple mediators","volume":"28","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.06.050","article-title":"Neuroprotective potential of atorvastatin and simvastatin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced Parkinson-like symptoms","volume":"1471","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.12.011","article-title":"Lipid-lowering drugs in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease: Fenofibrate has a neuroprotective effect, whereas bezafibrate and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors do not","volume":"1135","author":"Kreisler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27609","article-title":"Brain cholesterol metabolism and Parkinson's disease","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(94)00007-C","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop","volume":"20","author":"Parent","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"issue":"6, Pt 6","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.6.2097","article-title":"Regional changes in [18F]dopa metabolism in the striatum in Parkinson's disease","volume":"119 (","author":"Morrish","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12461","article-title":"The role of mitochondria in statin-induced myopathy","volume":"45","author":"Apostolopoulou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(00)00044-3","article-title":"Lovastatin and simvastatin are modulators of the proteasome","volume":"32","author":"W\u00f3jcik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12007","article-title":"Importance of cholesterol in dopamine transporter function","volume":"123","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.21881","article-title":"Harnessing the trophic and modulatory potential of statins in a dopaminergic cell line","volume":"70","author":"Schmitt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000319647.15752.7b","article-title":"Use of statins and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment without dementia in a cohort study","volume":"71","author":"Cramer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-018-0110-3","article-title":"The role of statins in both cognitive impairment and protection against dementia: A tale of two mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Schultz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2012.08.002","article-title":"The effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on cognition in patients with Alzheimer's dementia: A prospective withdrawal and rechallenge pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Padala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Pharmacother"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.29.7.800","article-title":"Statin-associated adverse cognitive effects: Survey results from 171 patients","volume":"29","author":"Evans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12412","article-title":"The burden of white matter hyperintensities is a predictor of progressive mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Sunwoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07474.x","article-title":"Inhibition of neuronal cholesterol biosynthesis with lovastatin leads to impaired synaptic vesicle release even in the presence of lipoproteins or geranylgeraniol","volume":"119","author":"Mailman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"44","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26383","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.664367","article-title":"Effect of cholesterol reduction on receptor signaling in neurons","volume":"290","author":"Fukui","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.09.009","article-title":"Effects of high dose of simvastatin on levels of dopamine and its reuptake in prefrontal cortex and striatum among SD rats","volume":"408","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"46","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48238","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M405442200","article-title":"Inhibition of geranylgeranylation mediates the effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors on microglia","volume":"279","author":"Bi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-08-02852.2000","article-title":"Geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate, an isoprenoid of mevalonate cascade, is a critical compound for rat primary cultured cortical neurons to protect the cell death induced by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition","volume":"20","author":"Tanaka","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.11.045","article-title":"Mevalonate pathway regulates cell size homeostasis and proteostasis through autophagy","volume":"13","author":"Miettinen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15119-w","article-title":"Microglia clear neuron-released \u03b1-synuclein via selective autophagy and prevent neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)32188-X","article-title":"Cholesterol homeostasis in human brain: Turnover of 24S-hydroxycholesterol and evidence for a cerebral origin of most of this oxysterol in the circulation","volume":"39","author":"Bj\u00f6rkhem","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2015.1030","article-title":"Higher plasma LDL-cholesterol is associated with preserved executive and fine motor functions in Parkinson's disease","volume":"7","author":"Sterling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"issue":"551","key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B50","article-title":"Parkinson's disease severity at 3\u2009years can be predicted from non-motor symptoms at Baseline","volume":"8","author":"Ayala","year":"2017","journal-title":". Front Neurol"},{"key":"2021120109192460800_awab292-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S671","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22600","article-title":"Clinical measures of progression in Parkinson's disease","volume":"24 (Suppl 2","author":"Poewe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/awab292\/41099146\/awab292.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/144\/10\/3191\/41381626\/awab292.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/144\/10\/3191\/41381626\/awab292.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T14:28:23Z","timestamp":1638368903000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/144\/10\/3191\/6339771"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awab292","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]}}}